甘肃省白龙江流域典型高位堆积层滑坡成因机制研究及其危险性预测  

Study on the formation mechanism and risk prediction of high-level accumulation landslides in Bailongjiang River Basin,Gansu Province

作　　者：王高峰 李浩[2,3] 田运涛 陈宗良[2,3] 徐友宁 高幼龙[2,3] 叶振南 李瑞冬[5] 谢兴隆[2,3] WANG Gaofeng;LI Hao;TIAN Yuntao;CHEN Zongliang;XU Youning;GAO Youlong;YE Zhennan;LI Ruidong;XIE Xinglong(Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100084,China;Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology of CGS,Baoding,Hebei 071051,China;Observation and Research Station of Geological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,MNR,Chongqing 404100,China;Xi¢an Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey,Xi¢an,Shaanxi 710061,China;Geo-Environment Monitoring Institute of Gansu Province,Lanzhou,Gansu 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院,北京100084 [2]中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心,河北保定071051 [3]自然资源部三峡库区地质灾害监测预警野外科学观测研究站,重庆404100 [4]中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心,陕西西安710061 [5]甘肃省地质环境监测院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2023年第4期1003-1018,共16页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目资助(DD20190646,DD20221747)。

摘　　要：以甘肃省白龙江流域武都区泻流坡滑坡为例,在现场勘查测绘、多期遥感数据分析、地表位移监测、室内试验测试及数值模拟分析的基础上,对滑坡的发育特征、活动特性、形成演化过程进行深入探讨,并对泻流坡滑坡滑源区潜在不稳定块体危险性预测进行科学评价。结果表明:(1)泻流坡滑坡为多因素耦合作用形成的大型高位堆积层滑坡,体积达188.35×104m3,可分为上部潜在滑源区、中部狭窄流通区、下部停淤堆积区3个区段,整体具有多期次、多层级、逐级后退式演化特征,各滑体滑动表现为蠕滑拉裂–推移式变形特点;(2)泻流坡滑坡的形成演化以活跃新构造运动为主导,易滑的孕灾地层为基础,差异性不协调地貌为条件,而降雨持续劣化、历史强震震裂效应及断裂蠕滑效应是滑坡失稳的主要诱发因素;(3)稳定性计算结果表明,目前滑坡整体处于基本稳定~欠稳定状态,在多个部位仍存在不同程度变形破坏,利用River-Flow2D软件对上部潜在滑源区在极端降雨条件下启动和运动过程模拟结果显示,模拟最大滑动距离810 m,最大速度可达33.5 m/s,最大堆积厚度为26.7 m,总堆积方量约121×104m3,可形成局部堵江灾害链。研究成果可为此类流域性高位滑坡灾害防灾减灾提供科学依据。Through the field survey,multi-phase remote sensing data analysis,surface displacement monitoring,indoor test and numerical simulation analysis,the run-off slope in Wudu District,Bailongjiang River Basin,Gansu Province was taken as an example to conduct a deep discussion about the development characteristics,activity characteristics,formation and evolution process of the landslide,and the safety of unstable blocks in the run-off slope landslide source area was scientifically evaluated and predicted.The results showed that:(1)run-off landslide was a large accumulation landslide in a high place,which was formed by the coupling effect of multiple factors,with a volume of 188.35×104 m3.It can be divided into three sections:the upper potential slip source area,the middle narrow flow area,and the lower siltation accumulation area,whose evolution was overall characterized by multiple stages,multiple layers,and progressive retrogression.Each slide body is characterized by the creep-tensile pattern and push deformation.(2)Under the conditions of different and uncoordinated landforms,the formation process of run-off landslide was dominated by active neotectonic movement and based on the disaster strata prone to slip,while the continuous deterioration of rainfall,the seismic cracking effect of historical strong earthquakes and the creep effect of faults were the main factors of landslide instability.(3)According to the stability calculation,it can be known that the landslide was basically in a stable state or an unstable state,and there were still different degrees of deformation and damage in several parts.After using River-Flow2D software to simulate the start and movement process of the upper potential slip source area under extreme rainfall conditions,it was shown that the maximum sliding distance was 810 m,the maximum velocity could reach 33.5 m/s,and the maximum accumulation thickness was 26.7 m,with the total accumulation volume of about 121×104 m3,forming a local river blockage disaster chain.This research can pro

关 键 词：边坡工程 泻流坡滑坡 高位堆积层滑坡 成因机制 危险性预测 白龙江流域 

分 类 号：P642[天文地球—工程地质学]