硫化矿固态阻化剂的阻化机理与性能评价  

Inhibition mechanism and performance evaluation of solid inhibitor for sulfide ore

作　　者：李明[1] 宋欣筑 潘伟[1] 李孜军[1] LI Ming;SONG Xinzhu;PAN Wei;LI Zijun(School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2023年第2期91-98,共8页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0805204,2018YFC0808404);中南大学研究生校企联合项目(2021XQLH003)。

摘　　要：高硫金属矿山在开采过程中普遍存在硫化矿石氧化自燃的重大安全隐患,目前广泛使用的液态阻化剂面临阻化有效成分流失、阻化剂污染周边作业环境等问题。文中从硫化矿石氧化自燃和阻化作用机理出发,提出了一种基于覆盖剂、吸氧剂、阻热剂、流动剂等功能组分的新型固态阻化剂及其优选方法,据此优选了碳酸氢钠、还原铁粉、轻质碳酸钙作为固态阻化剂的有效组分,并增加了滑石粉作为阻化剂辅助组分以提高其流动性。采用四因素三水平正交实验的研究方法,对比分析了不同组分固态阻化剂对测试矿样的阻化性能,采用休止角、氧化增重率和阻化率分别评价固态阻化剂的流动性能和自燃阻化性能。根据流动性和氧化增重率的极差分析结果获得了固态阻化剂的最优配比,并通过室内阻化实验进行了验证,其第22 d的阻化率51.16%为最优,其流动性能可到良好(休止角为32.20°)以上,为新型硫化矿石阻化剂的开发提供了一种新的路径。Spontaneous combustion of sulfide ore is a major safety risk during mining process for high sulfur metal mines.Liquid inhibitor was widely used to present the spontaneous combustion of sulfide ore at present,but it faces some problems,such as loss of effective components and pollution of surrounding working environment.Considering of the shortcomings of liquid inhibitor,a new solid inhibitor and its optimization method was proposed based on the inhibition mechanism of spontaneous combustion for sulfide ore,and its functional components include covering agent,oxygen scavenger,preventing heat agent and flow agent.The sodium bicarbonate,reduced iron powder and light calcium carbonate are selected as the effective components,and talc powder was added as an auxiliary component to improve the solid inhibitor′s flowability.The orthogonal experiment method was used to analyze the performance of different components of solid inhibitor.The angle of repose,oxidation weight gain rate and inhibiting rate were respectively used to evaluate the flowability and inhibition property of solid inhibitor.The range analysis method was used to optimize the component proportion of solid inhibitor according to the data of angle of repose and oxidation weight gain rate,and the result of optimal proportion is verified by indoor experiments.The experimental results show that the best inhibiting rate is 51.16%at the 22nd day,and the flowability of solid inhibitor is good(the angle of repose is 32.20°),this research provides a new path to develop the inhibitor for sulfide ore.

关 键 词：硫化矿 自燃 阻化剂 氧化增重 阻化率 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]