基于频率比与AHP模型的西藏东部地区滑坡易发性评价  

Evaluation of landslide susceptibility in eastern Tibet based on frequency ratio and AHP model

作　　者：邹富宝 付卓 樊风雷 吴华[1,2,4] 郭治兴 ZOU Fubao;FU Zhuo;FAN Fenglei;WU Hua;GUO Zhixing(School of Engineering,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China;Joint Laboratory of Plateau Surface Environment Remote Sensing Monitoring,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China;School of Geography,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China;Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of the Minisity of Education of Bomi Geological Hazards,Linzhi 860000,China;Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学工学院,西藏拉萨850000 [2]西藏大学高原地表环境遥感监测联合实验室,西藏拉萨850000 [3]华南师范大学地理科学学院,广东广州510631 [4]波密地质灾害教育部野外科学观测研究站,西藏林芝860000 [5]广东省科学院生态环境与土壤研究所,广东广州510650

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2023年第2期235-242,共8页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：西藏自治区自然科学基金项目(XZ2018ZRG-02);西藏自治区科技厅2020年度中央引导地方项目(XZ202001YD0004C)。

摘　　要：滑坡是破坏性极强的自然灾害,因此,对我国高风险滑坡进行快速监测尤为必要。当前,遥感技术为滑坡监测提供了重要的支撑。文中通过选取数字高程数据(digital elevation model, DEM)及衍生数据(坡度、坡向)、断层、地层岩性、地震点等因子开展了西藏东部地区滑坡的评价与等级划分。文中通过对各因子进行归一化处理,运用频率比法和层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process, AHP)对各评价因子进行分析,并获得各因子风险等级的权重系数,进而构建了一个滑坡易发性评价模型(landslide susceptibility assessment, LSA)。结论如下:1)LSA可以很好地表达滑坡空间分布情况;2)据实际滑坡点统计分析,可知西藏东部地区的滑坡主要分布在左贡县、墨脱县、察雅县、洛隆县和丁青县;3)西藏东部地区滑坡高易发区主要分布在道路沿线,中易发区主要分布在西藏东部地区的东北部和西南部,低易发区主要分布在唐古拉山山脉一带。Landslides are very destructive natural disasters,so it is particularly necessary to carry out rapid monitoring of high-risk landslides in China.At present,remote sensing technology provides an important support for landslide monitoring.In this paper,digital elevation data(DEM)and derived data(slope and aspect),faults,stratigraphic lithology,seismic points and other factors are selected to carry out the evaluation and classification of landslides in eastern Tibet.In this paper,through the normalization of each factor,the frequency ratio method and analytic hierarchy process(AHP)are used to analyze each evaluation factor,and the weight coefficient of each factor′s risk grade is obtained,then a landslide vulnerability evaluation model(LSA)is constructed.The conclusions are as follows:1)LSA can well express the spatial distribution of landslides;2)According to the statistical analysis of actual landslide points,landslides in eastern Tibet are mainly distributed in Zuogong County,Motuo County,Chaya County,Luolong County and Dingqing County;3)The high risk areas of landslides in eastern Tibet are mainly distributed along the roads,the medium risk areas are mainly distributed in the northeast and southwest of eastern Tibet,and the low risk areas are mainly distributed in the Tanggula Mountains.

关 键 词：滑坡 易发性评价 频率比法 层次分析法 西藏东部地区 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学] X43[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]