重金属胁迫下丛枝菌根真菌对白茅生长和生理生态特征的影响  

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth and Ecophysiological Characteristics of Imperata cylindrica Under Heavy Metal Stress

作　　者：王雪蓉 梁如玉 王玉龙 郭婷艳 贾彤 WANG Xuerong;LIANG Ruyu;WANG Yulong;GUO Tingyan;JIA Tong(Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration on Loess Plateau,Institute of Loess Plateau,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;School of Environment and Resource Science,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学黄土高原研究所,山西省黄河实验室,黄土高原生态恢复山西省重点实验室,山西太原030006 [2]山西大学环境与资源学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《山西大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期439-448,共10页Journal of Shanxi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32171524);山西省应用基础研究优秀青年基金项目(201901D211196);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2019L0005);山西省留学回国人员资助项目(2021-018)。

摘　　要：以重金属污染矿区生态恢复过程中的优势植被白茅为研究对象,探究重金属铅和镉胁迫下,接种不同丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)对白茅生长和生理生态特征的影响。通过温室盆栽试验,模拟矿区镉和铅的含量,对重金属胁迫下接种根内球囊霉(Rhizophagus irregularis)和摩西管柄囊霉(Funneliformis mosseae)的白茅生长和生理指标进行测定,分析不同AMF对白茅生理生态特征的影响。结果表明,AMF种类和重金属胁迫显著影响AMF菌根侵染率、孢子密度、净光合速率以及蒸腾速率。在铅胁迫下,接种根内球囊霉会显著增加白茅地上总氮含量,降低地上碳氮比。AMF种类、重金属胁迫及二者交互作用对白茅叶绿素含量有显著影响。重金属胁迫降低了白茅植株叶绿素b以及总叶绿素含量。此外,镉胁迫下,接种AMF显著提高了白茅的蒸腾速率,且接种根内球囊霉对白茅胞间CO_(2)浓度、气孔导度和净光合速率均有显著促进作用;铅胁迫下,接种摩西管柄囊霉显著提高了白茅的气孔导度和蒸腾速率。重金属胁迫下接种AMF能够促进植物的生长、提高植物光合作用,接种根内球囊霉在促进白茅植株养分吸收和光合作用方面的效果均强于接种摩西管柄囊霉,表明根内球囊霉对重金属污染土壤具有一定的生态修复潜力。本研究结果将有助于进一步认识不同AMF在矿区生态修复中的功能,为矿区生态恢复发掘可利用的菌种资源,从而提高矿区生态修复效率。Imperata cylindrica was usually the dominant plant in the ecological restoration process of heavy metal polluted mining areas.We studied the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)on growth and ecophysiological characteristics of I.cylindrica under the stress of lead(Pb)and cadmium(Cd).Rhizophagus irregularis and Funneliformis mosseae were selected in the greenhouse experiment.The heavy metal stress was according to the content of cadmium and lead in mining area.The results showed that AMF species and heavy metal stress significantly affected AMF mycorrhizal infection rate,spore density,net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate.R.irregularis inoculation significantly increased the content of total nitrogen and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen under Pb stress.AMF species,heavy metal stress and their interaction had significant effects on chlorophyll contents.Heavy metal stress reduced the content of chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll contents.In addition,AMF significantly increased the transpiration rate of I.cylindrica,and R.irregularis promoted the intercellular CO_(2)concentration,stomatal conductance,net photosynthetic rate of I.cylindrica under Cd stress.F.mosseae significantly increased the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate under Pb stress.In conclusion,AMF could promote plant growth and photosynthesis under heavy metal stress,and R.irregularis was better than F.mosseae in promoting nutrient absorption and photosynthesis of I.cylindrica,indicating that R.irregularis had certain ecological remediation potential for heavy metal contaminated soil.This study will be helpful to further understand the function of different AMF in ecological restoration of mining area,and explore the available bacteria resources for ecological restoration of mining area,so as to improve the efficiency of ecological restoration of mining area.

关 键 词：丛枝菌根真菌 白茅 重金属胁迫 生理生态特征 生态修复 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学]