延河底泥的重金属分布特征和生态风险评价  

Distribution characteristics and its ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in river sediments from Yanhe river

作　　者：王理明[1] 崔双虎 邵瑞华 刘成国 侯康 WANG Liming;CUI Shuanghu;SHAO Ruihua;LIU Chengguo;HOU Kang(School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an 710048,China;Yan’an Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment,Yan’an 715700,Shaanxi,China;China National Chemical Urban Investment Co.Ltd.,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学环境与化学工程学院,陕西西安710048 [2]延安市生态环境局,陕西延安715700 [3]中化学城市投资有限公司,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《西安工程大学学报》2023年第2期47-53,共7页Journal of Xi’an Polytechnic University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(42007415)。

摘　　要：为了评估延河底泥的重金属分布特征和污染风险,以延河为研究对象,采集底泥样品,测定延河流域9个代表性断面中Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn、Ni、As、Cd和Hg等8种重金属的含量。运用潜在生态风险指数法和地累积指数法计算延河底泥重金属的生态风险,并通过Pearson相关系数甄别底泥中重金属的来源。结果表明:延河底泥中Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn、Ni、As、Cd和Hg平均含量分别为124.56、98.21、66.00、46.20、22.64、4.45、0.14、0.11 mg·kg^(-1),其中Pb、Hg、Cu、Cr、Cd分别超过陕西省环境背景值5.8、4.4、3.2、1.8、1.4倍,Ni、As和Zn低于陕西省环境背景值;延河底泥重金属的潜在生态风险指数平均值为303.14,从高到低依次为S8>S1>S5>S7>S2>S3>S6>S9>S4,中等生态风险和强生态风险为11.1%和88.9%,主要由Hg导致;同时,底泥中的Cr、Pb、Hg和Cu的地累积指数大于0,属于轻度-中度污染,Cd的地累积指数在-0.37~0.11之间,属于无-轻度污染,Ni、Zn和As的地累积指数小于0,属于无污染;延河底泥Ni、Cd和Cu呈现高度相似性,产业布局、道路交通和地质活动是其主要污染源。In order to evaluate the distribution characteristics and pollution risk of heavy metals in sediments of Yanhe river,we investigated the contents of the heavy metals in the sediments from 9 representative sections of the river.The index of potential ecological risk and the index of geoaccumulation were used to assess the pollution degree and the ecological risk of heavy metals in the sediment,and the Pearson correlation was used to determine the pollution sources.The results showed that the average contents of Cr,Pb,Cu,Zn,Ni,As,Cd,Hg and As in the sediments were 124.56,98.21,66.00,46.20,22.64,4.45,0.14 and 0.11 mg·kg^(-1),respectively.Among them,the average contents of Pb,Hg,Cu,Cr and Cd exceeded the environmental background values of Shaanxi Province by 5.8,4.4,3.2,1.8 and 1.4 times,respectively,and the average contents of Ni,As and Zn were lower than the environmental background values of Shaanxi Province.The average of heavy metals in the sediment of Yanhe river is 303.14,with the potential ecological risk index arranged from high to low as S8>S1>S5>S7>S2>S3>S6>S9>S4,and the proportions of medium potential ecological risk and strong ecological risk is 11.1%and 88.9%,mainly caused by Hg.Meanwhile,the geo-accumulation index of Cr,Pb,Hg and Cu in the sediments is greater than 0,which is mild-moderate pollution;the geo-accumulation index of the Cd is between-0.37 and 0.11,which is no-mild pollution;and the geo-accumulation index of Ni,Zn and As are less than 0,which is no pollution.Ni,Cd and Cu in the sediments of Yanhe river have a high similarity,and industrial layout,road traffic and geological activities may be the primary sources of pollution.

关 键 词：延河 重金属 污染分布 地累积指数 潜在生态风险指数 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]