锚杆在高矿化度矿井水中应力腐蚀行为试验  

Experiments on stress corrosion behaviors of rock bolt in highly-mineralized mine water

作　　者：褚晓威 鞠文君[1,2,3] 卢志国 石蒙[1,3] CHU Xiaowei;JU Wenjun;LU Zhiguo;SHI Meng(CCTEG Coal Mining Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;School of Energy and Mining Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Mining Institude,China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤科工开采研究院有限公司,北京100013 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院,北京100083 [3]煤炭科学研究总院开采研究分院,北京100013

出　　处：《中国矿业大学学报》2023年第2期255-266,共12页Journal of China University of Mining & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52004126);天地科技开采设计事业部科技创新基金项目(KJ-2018-TDKCZL-13)。

摘　　要：针对煤矿井下腐蚀环境中螺纹钢锚杆易产生应力腐蚀断裂的现象,采用慢应变速率拉伸方法研究了4种锚杆在模拟高矿化度矿井水中的应力腐蚀行为,得到应变速率和外加电位对锚杆应力腐蚀行为的影响规律,定量评价了应力腐蚀敏感性,并结合断口微观特征阐释了应力腐蚀机制.研究表明:在模拟矿井水中锚杆塑性下降明显,表现出应力腐蚀敏感性;应变速率对断面收缩率和延伸率的影响大于对强度的影响.施加阴极电位后锚杆的应力腐蚀敏感性大幅增加.在腐蚀参与下锚杆断裂形式由韧脆混合断裂向脆性断裂转变,且应力腐蚀敏感性越高,脆性特征越明显.综合锚杆在不同环境下的应力腐蚀特征及断口形貌演化过程,判断应力腐蚀以氢致开裂为主.现场失效锚杆分析表明腐蚀参与了锚杆断裂过程,呈现应力腐蚀断裂特征.For the problem of stress corrosion cracking of threaded rebar rock bolt in corrosive environment underground coal mine,the stress corrosion behaviors of four rock bolt materials in simulated highly-mineralized mine water were studied by slow strain rate test. Consequently,the influence rules of strain rate and applied potential on the stress corrosion behavior of rock bolt was obtained. The stress corrosion sensitivity was quantitatively evaluated,and the stress corrosion mechanism was explained in combination based on the microscopic characteristics of fracture. The research results show that the plasticity of rock bolts decreased obviously in simulated mine water,showing stress corrosion susceptibility. The effect of strain rate on area shrinkage and elongation is greater than that on strength. The stress corrosion susceptibility of rock bolts increased significantly after the application of cathode potential. Under the participation of corrosion,the fracture form of bolt changes from ductile-brittle mixed fracture to brittle fracture,and the higher the stress corrosion sensitivity,the more obvious the brittle characteristics. Based on the stress corrosion characteristics and fracture morphology evolution process of anchor bolts in different environments,it is concluded that hydrogen induced cracking was the main mechanism of the stress corrosion of rock bolt.The analysis of in-situ rock bolt failure shows that corrosion participated in the cracking process and the fractures are characterized by stress corrosion cracking.

关 键 词：锚杆 高矿化度矿井水 塑性 应力腐蚀敏感性 氢致开裂 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]