冲积层高水压含水体下工作面突水溃砂机理分析  

Mechanism Analysis of Water-Sand Inrush in Working Face under Alluvial High Water Pressure

作　　者：李小二 郑顺元 卓运亮 苗葳[2] LI Xiaoer;ZHENG Shunyuan;ZHUO Yunliang;MIAO Wei(Jiaozuo Coal Industrial Group Zhaogu(Xinxiang)Energy Co.,Ltd.,Jiaozuo 454002,China;School of Energy and Mining Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]焦作煤业集团赵固(新乡)能源有限责任公司,河南焦作454002 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院,北京100083

出　　处：《煤炭技术》2023年第4期114-117,共4页Coal Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目资助(51934008)。

摘　　要：冲积层砂砾含水层导致的工作面的突水溃砂事故,对人员安全和设备有重大威胁。赵固一矿大多数薄基岩工作面在留设防砂安全煤(岩)柱的条件下可实现安全开采,但在特殊水文地质条件下仍有工作面发生突水溃砂事故。在分析归纳多起突水溃砂事故的基础上,总结了防砂煤(岩)柱失稳的主要类型,认识了特殊水文地质条件下事故的形成原因,查明了突水溃砂的形成机理。研究结果表明:工作面出现压架事故,顶板岩层持续抽冒造成超限开采,导水裂缝带波及砂砾高水压“天窗区”是致灾的关键因素。建议采取加强顶板管理,论证支架支承力适用性,适当留设保护煤柱,加强冲积层探测,针对性调整采动影响等预防技术措施。研究结果对我国类似条件的工作面安全开采具有借鉴价值。Water-sand inrush accidents of working face caused by alluvium gravel aquifer pose a major threat to personnel safety and equipment.Most thin bedrock working faces in Zhaogu No.1 coal mine can realize safe mining under the condition of retaining sand prevention safety coal(rock)pillars,and there are still water-sand inrush accidents in working faces.Based on the analysis and induction of several water-sand inrush accidents,the causes of accidents under special hydrogeological conditions are recognized,and the formation mechanism of water-sand inrush is found out.The research results show that the frame pressing accident occurs in the working face,the over limit mining is caused by the continuous pumping and caving of the roof rock,and the water diversion fracture zone and the"skylight area"with high water pressure of gravel are the key factors causing the disaster.It is suggested to strengthen roof management,demonstrate the applicability of support bearing capacity,and properly reserve protective coal pillars.Strengthen the detection of alluvium and adjust the technical measures for prevention of mining impact.It has reference value for the safe mining of working faces with similar conditions in China.

关 键 词：突水溃砂 高水压 顶板抽冒 楔形区 机理分析 

分 类 号：TD745[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]