定向组合水力压裂卸压技术在宋新庄煤矿的应用  

Application of Directional Combined Hydraulic Fracturing and Pressure Relief Technology in Songxinzhuang Coal Mine

作　　者：姜光 解洪鑫 赵毅 田春阳 JIANG Guang;XIE Hongxin;ZHAO Yi;TIAN Chunyang(China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Beijing Tiandi Huatai Mining Management Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;School of Mining Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221000,China;Sinopec Great Wall Energy and Chemical(Ningxia)Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan 750411,China)

机构地区：[1]中国煤炭科工集团北京天地华泰矿业管理股份有限公司,北京100013 [2]中国矿业大学矿业工程学院,江苏徐州221000 [3]中国石化长城能源化工(宁夏)有限公司,银川750411

出　　处：《煤炭技术》2023年第4期148-153,共6页Coal Technology

基　　金：天地华泰自主创新项目资助(TDHTKY2020005,TDHTKY2022006)。

摘　　要：针对宋新庄煤矿110301工作面坚硬顶板难垮落、周期来压显现剧烈的现象,通过对水力压裂裂缝扩展、贯通机理分析,结合工作面特征与岩层特性优化了钻孔布置方式,提出定向组合分段水力压裂技术研究。现场效果表明,110301工作面实施定向组合分段压裂技术后,预裂区支架来压时工作载荷由38~45 MPa降低为25~35 MPa,应力呈现碎片化,缓解了应力集中现象。周期来压步距由20~30 m缩减到10~15 m,来压步距普遍减小,矿压显现得到缓解。支架动载系数由1.5~1.7降低到1.2~1.3,压架危险性降低。证实了针对来压剧烈顶板采用定向组合分段压裂方式可明显提高压裂效果,使顶板得到及时垮落,进而支承起高位岩层。该研究在现场取得良好的应用效果,为宋新庄煤矿后续工作面开采提供了宝贵的生产经验。In response to the phenomenon that the hard roof at the 110301-working face of Song-xinzhuang coal mine is difficult to collapse and the periodic incoming pressure is intense,the drilling arrangement was optimized by analyzing the mechanism of hydraulic fracture expansion and penetration,combining the characteristics of the working face and rock formation,and proposing the study of directional combination segmentation hydraulic fracturing technology.The field results show that after the implementation of the directional combination segmentation fracturing technology in the 110301-working face,the working load at the pre-fracture zone when the bracket comes to pressure is reduced from 38-45 MPa to 25-35 MPa,the stress is fragmented and the stress concentration phenomenon is alleviated.The periodical incoming fracture step was reduced from 20-30 m to 10-15 m,and the incoming fracture step was generally reduced so that the mineral pressure appeared to be relieved.The dynamic load factor of the stand was reduced from 1.5-1.7 to 1.2-1.3,and the danger of the stand was reduced.It was confirmed that the use of a directional combination of segmental fracturing for the strongly pressurized roof could significantly improve the fracturing effect and enable the roof to collapse in time,thus supporting the high rock level.The study has achieved good application results in the field and provided valuable production experience for the subsequent working face mining in the Songxinzhuang coal mine.

关 键 词：坚硬顶板 钻孔布置 定向组合分段 水力压裂 来压步距 

分 类 号：TD322.5[矿业工程—矿井建设] TD327.2