铁路工程低温空气源热泵运行实测与优化分析  

Analysis and Discussion on Actual Measurement of Low Temperature Air Source Heat Pump in Railway Engineering

作　　者：黄琳 马江燕[1] 邓保顺[1] 侯卫华[1] 何磊[1] 周勇[2] 王登甲[2] Huang Lin;Ma Jiangyan;Deng Baoshun;Hou Weihua;He Lei;Zhou Yong;Wang Dengjia(China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Ltd,Xi'an,710043;Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an,710055)

机构地区：[1]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,西安710043 [2]西安建筑科技大学,西安710055

出　　处：《制冷与空调（四川）》2023年第2期305-311,共7页Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

摘　　要：铁路沿线房屋常常远离城市且具有“点多线长”的特点,当铁路客站不具备接入市政供暖和燃气时,空气源热泵因取热方便、能效比高等优势在铁路工程中应用广泛。为探究低温空气源热泵在铁路工程的应用效果及性能,对低温空气源热泵在铁路工程应用的3个工程进行了实测,重点分析了低温空气源热泵机组在不同地区使用的容量修正问题。研究结果表明:由于机组的制热性能受室外环境影响大,为提高低温空气源热泵的制热性能,机组选型时温度修正系数需考虑供暖季的热负荷频率分布和辅助热源措施以防止设备容量过大。此外,由于重霜区集中在温度不太低,湿度较高的区域,在严寒、寒冷地区低温空气源热泵的“无霜除霜”的现象较为严重,其融霜修正系数取值建议在0.88~0.95范围内。再次,铁路房屋供暖末端形式受热泵机组的供水温度影响,建议以散热器为末端供暖系统采用CO_(2)低温空气源热泵机组,以辐射地板和风机盘管采用常规制冷剂空气源热泵机组即可满足要求。Buildings along railway lines are often far away from cities and have the characteristic of"multiple points and long lines".When railway stations do not have access to municipal and gas facilities,air source heat pumps are widely used in railway engineering due to their convenient heating and high energy efficiency ratio advantages.Therefore,this paper conducted actual measurements on three railway low-temperature air source heat pump cases and analyzed the problems of low-temperature air source heat pump in equipment selection and heating terminal.The results indicate that due to the significant impact of outdoor environment on the heating performance of the unit,in order to improve the heating performance of the low-temperature air source heat pump,the frequency distribution of heating load during the heating season and auxiliary heat source measures need to be considered when selecting the unit to prevent excessive equipment capacity.In addition,the phenomenon of"frost free defrosting"of air source heat pumps is more serious in severe and cold regions,and the recommended defrosting correction coefficient should be within the range of 0.88 to 0.95.Additionally,the heating terminal form of railway buildings is affected by the water supply temperature of the heat pump unit.It is recommended to use CO_(2) low-temperature air source heat pump units as the terminal heating system with radiators,and conventional refrigerant air source heat pump units can be used for radiant floors and fan coils to satisfy the requirements.

关 键 词：铁路房屋 低温空气源热泵 制热性能系数 采暖末端 

分 类 号：TU83[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]