碱处理提取红麻纤维素的研究  

Study on extraction of kenaf cellulose by alkali treatment

作　　者：李德序 汪青[1,2] 黄鑫 谭卜鑫 李湘露 LI Dexu;WANG Qing;HUANG Xin;TAN Buxin;LI Xianglu(College of Textiles,Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou,Henan 450007,China;Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Green Dyeing and Finishing Technology,Zhengzhou,Henan 450007,China)

机构地区：[1]中原工学院纺织学院,河南郑州450007 [2]郑州市绿色染整技术重点实验室,河南郑州450007

出　　处：《毛纺科技》2023年第4期37-43,共7页Wool Textile Journal

基　　金：河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2021GGJS107);中原工学院“学科骨干教师支持计划”项目(14GG202214)。

摘　　要：为进一步研究红麻深度脱胶工艺,优化红麻纤维素提取条件,以沤制红麻为原料,采用碱法蒸煮工艺,以质量损失率为指标,探究不同碱剂、用碱量、蒽醌质量分数、处理温度对沤制红麻深度脱胶的影响,以纤维素的铜价和聚合度评价纤维素的损伤情况,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征纤维素微观形态。结果表明:在蒸煮碱剂为NaOH、用碱量为1.75~2.25 mol/L、蒽醌质量分数为0.05%、处理温度为150℃的条件下可得到最佳的脱胶效果,最佳工艺下红麻的质量损失率达到40%以上,纤维素的铜价为0,聚合度为1 696,胶质脱除较为彻底,纤维素表面光洁,损伤程度较小,对再生纤维素纤维生产原料的开发利用具有一定的参考意义。In order to further study the deep degumming process and the optimized extraction conditions of kenaf cellulose,the alkali cooking process was discussed using the retting kenaf as the raw material.The effects of different kinds of alkali,alkali dosage,anthraquinone concentration and treatment temperature on the deep degumming of retting kenaf were investigated within the weight loss rate as the index.The damage of cellulose was evaluated by the copper valence and degree of polymerization,and the micro morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results show that:Under the conditions of NaOH,1.75-2.25 mol/L of alkali,0.05%of anthraquinone and 150℃,the optimal deguminating effect can be obtained.The weight loss rate of kenaf under the optimal process is more than 40%,the copper value of cellulose is 0,the degree of polymerization is 1693,and the colloid is completely removed.The surface of cellulose is smooth and the damage degree is small,which has a certain reference significance for the development and utilization of raw materials for the production of regenerated cellulose fiber.

关 键 词：碱处理 沤制红麻 蒽醌 脱胶 纤维素 

分 类 号：TS129[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]