装药埋深对地表空气冲击波影响的试验研究  

Experimental Study on the Effects of Buried Depth on Surface Air Blast Wave

作　　者：杨峰 翟红波[1] 苏健军[1] 李尚青[1] 肖洋[1] 刘伟[2] YANG Feng;ZHAI Hong-bo;SU Jian-jun;LI Shang-qing;XIAO Yang;LIU Wei(Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi′an 710065,China;Institute of Chemical Defense,AMS,PLA,Beijing 102205,China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065 [2]军事科学院防化研究院,北京102205

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2023年第4期327-334,共8页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金(No.12102337)。

摘　　要：为研究土壤中装药埋深对地表空气冲击波传播规律的影响,开展了5kg TNT的触地爆炸试验以及埋深分别为0.108、0.228、0.85m的爆炸试验,获得了多个比例距离处的冲击波峰值压力、冲量以及正压作用时间数据,分析了埋深对冲击波传播特性的影响。结果表明,冲击波峰值压力和冲量随着埋深的增加而减小,随着爆距的增大而减小;触地爆炸比例距离为4的测点处其峰值压力是比例距离为1处的3.24%,埋深为0.108m的爆炸试验比例距离为4处的测点其峰值压力是比例距离为1处的25.02%;埋深为0.108m时,比例距离为1处的峰值压力和冲量分别是触地爆炸对应值的8.7%和20.4%;并对两种工况的正压作用时间进行了分析,触地爆炸的正压作用时间随爆心距增加呈指数增加,埋深为0.85m的爆炸试验其正压作用时间呈对数增加。通过对试验数据的进一步分析,建立了冲击波峰值压力、冲量与埋深、比例距离的工程计算模型,可用于浅埋爆炸时弹药威力评价与毁伤效能预估。To study the influence of buried depth of explosives on the propagation characteristics of air blast waves on the surface of soils,contact explosion tests and 5kg TNT explosion tests with buried depths of 0.108,0.228 and 0.85m were carried out.The peak pressure,impulse and positive pressure time at multiple scaled distances were obtained,and the effects of buried depth on the propagation characteristics of shock waves were analyzed.The results show that the peak pressure and impulse of shock wave decrease with increasing the buried depth and the scaled distance.For contact explosion,the peak pressure at a scaled distance of 4 is 3.24%of that at a scaled distance of 1,while for the explosion test with buried depths of 0.108m the peak pressure at a scaled distance of 4 is 25.02%of that at a scaled distance of 1.When the buried depth is 0.108m,the peak pressure and impulse at the scaled distance of 1 are 8.7%and 20.4%of the corresponding values for the contact explosion,respectively.In addition,the positive pressure time under two conditions is analyzed.The positive pressure time increases exponentially with increasing the distance from the detonation center,and the positive pressure time increases logarithmically in the explosion test with the depth of 0.85m.Based on the further analysis of the experimental data,engineering calculation models for peak pressure and impulse as the function of buried depth and scaled distance are established,which can be used as a reference for the evaluation of performance and damage effect for ammunition under shallow-buried explosions.

关 键 词：爆炸力学 埋深 浅埋爆炸 空气冲击波 峰值压力 冲量 正压作用时间 

分 类 号：TJ51[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O38[理学—流体力学]