精指向机构45°扫描镜光矢量轨迹正交性研究  

Study on Orthogonality of Light Vector Trajectory of 45°Scanning Mirror in Fine Pointing Mechanism

作　　者：李向阳[1] 李向月 孙雪平[3] 张建华[1] 任斌[1] 张学娇 陈安和 陈祥 张文睿[1] LI Xiangyang;LI Xiangyue;SUN Xueping;ZHANG Jiahua;REN Bin;ZHANG Xuejiao;CHEN Anhe;CHEN Xiang;ZHANG Wenrui(China Academy of Space Technology(Xi'an),Xi'an 710100,Shaanxi,China;Shaanxi Aerospace Times Navigation Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Baoji 721305,Shaanxi,China;Opto-electronic Engineering College,Xi'an Technological University,Xi'an 710032,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空间技术研究院西安分院,陕西西安710100 [2]陕西航天时代导航设备有限公司,陕西宝鸡721305 [3]西安工业大学光电工程学院,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《兵工学报》2023年第4期1193-1199,共7页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(62001375)。

摘　　要：在空间激光通信终端中,精指向机构45°扫描镜振动轴绕不同轴系振动时,捕获跟踪CMOS相机上的扫描轨迹不正交,使得激光终端扫描概率降低、光轴在轨标定难度增大。为研究其内在机理,利用光学追迹的方法建立三维光矢量扫描轨迹模型,计算并仿真45°反射镜振动轴沿两组常用正交轴扫描时,CMOS相机上光矢量轨迹的正交性,搭建实验测试系统验证该计算仿真在精指向机构扫描过程反射光矢量的性能。研究结果表明:45°扫描镜振动轴绕P=(1/2,-1/2,√2/2)^(T)和P′=(1/2,-1/2,-√2/2)^(T)振动扫描轨迹的不正交度为19.47°,不随扫描角度的变化而发生变化,实验验证和理论结果一致;45°扫描镜振动轴绕z轴和P=(√2/2,-√2/2,0)^(T)振动时,由扫描角度和扫描轨迹正交性曲线关系,得出CMOS相机上扫描轨迹夹角随着扫描角度变化而变化,当扫描角度为9 mrad时,扫描轨迹的不正交度为6.4 mrad。该研究对空间激光通信终端精指向机构扫描的内在机理、安装方式、轴外视场光轴标定等有深刻的认识和指导意义。In the laser communication terminal in space,the scanning trajectory on the CMOS camera is not orthogonal when the fine pointing mechanism of the 45°scanning mirror vibrates around different shaft systems,which reduces the scanning probability and makes it more difficult to calibrate the optical axis of the laser terminal in orbit.In order to solve this problem,the ray tracing method is used to establish a three-dimensional light vector scanning trajectory model,and the orthogonality of the light vector trajectory on the CMOS camera is calculated and simulated when the vibration axis of the 45°mirror scans along two sets of commonly used orthogonal axes.Then,an experimental test system is built to verify the performance of the reflected light vector in the scanning process of the fine pointing mechanism.The results show that:the non-orthogonality of the 45°scanning mirror vibrates around P=(1/2,-1/2,2/2)^(T)and P′=(1/2,-1/2,-2/2)^(T)is 19.47°,and the included angle of the scanning trajectory on the CMOS camera changes with the scanning angle according to the relationship between the scanning angle and the orthogonality curve of the scanning trajectory;the non-orthogonality of the scanning trajectory is 6.4 mrad when the scanning angle is 9 mrad.This study provides insights into the internal mechanism and has guiding significance for the installation mode and optical axis calibration of the off-axis field of view of the fine pointing mechanism of space laser communication terminal.

关 键 词：空间激光通信 激光终端 45°反射镜 扫描 光线追迹 正交性 

分 类 号：TH745[机械工程—光学工程]