关于山水林田湖草沙系统治理的战略思考  

Strategic Thinking on Holistic Conservation of Natural Systems

作　　者：王登举[1] 刘世荣[2] 何友均[1] 赵荣[1] Wang Dengju;Liu Shirong;He Youjun;Zhao Rong(Research Institute of Forestry Policy and Information,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所,北京100091 [2]中国林业科学研究院,北京100091

出　　处：《林草政策研究》2022年第4期8-14,共7页Journal of forestry and grassland policy

基　　金：国家林业和草原局科技创新发展与研究项目“山水林田湖草战略研究”(2020132104);中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金项目“山水林田湖草沙系统治理战略研究”(CAFYBB2017ZA008)。

摘　　要：文中阐述山水林田湖草沙系统治理的战略意义、理论基础、推进路径,提出统筹山水林田湖草沙系统治理,是贯彻落实习近平生态文明思想的重要举措,是建设人与自然和谐共生现代化的根本要求,是新时代新征程生态保护修复的基本主线,是引领全球生态治理新方向的中国智慧。山水林田湖草生命共同体理念,具有深厚的传统文化基础、科学的生态学认知、高度的系统论思维;应当坚持“五项原则”,实现“四个转变”,把握“三个阶段”。针对山水林田湖草沙系统治理中存在的措施不够精准、治理质量不高等问题,应当从4个方面入手提升生态治理的精准化、科学化水平:1)全面推行生态系统多样性、稳定性、持续性诊断制度,真正做到问题导向、精准施策;2)切实加强生态保护修复工程实施规划管理,真正做到因地制宜、科学治理;3)实行生态治理工程成本核算制度,真正做到以质为先、建管并重;4)充分发挥科技的支撑引领作用,真正做到高标准实施、高质量推进。The strategic significance,theoretic foundation and promotion path for the conservation of mountains,waters,forests,farmlands,lakes,grasslands and deserts systems are elaborated in this paper.The holistic approach to the conservation and improvement of these natural systems is the critical measures to implement and fulfill Xi Jinping s thoughts on ecological civilization,the inherent requirements for the modernization of the harmonious co-existence of man and nature,the baseline of ecological protection and restoration in the new era and the Chinese wisdom that could lead the new direction of the global ecological treatment.Therefore,the concept that mountains,waters,forests,farmlands,lakes,grasslands and deserts compose the community of life has the profound traditional cultural foundation,science-based ecological cognition and overarching systematic thoughts.The holistic approach should adhere to the“Five Principles”,realize the“Four Transformations”and follow the“Three Stages”.In view of the problems arising in the holistic conservation of these natural systems,such as lack of precise measures and low-level governance,it is proposed to improve the precision and scientific level of ecosystem conservation and improvement from the following 4 aspects:1)Fully implementing the diagnosis system for the diversity,stability and sustainability of ecosystems to truly achieve the problem-oriented and targeted policy implementation;2)Effectively improving the implementation,planning and management of ecosystem conservation and restoration programs to realize the science-based conservation in line with local conditions;3)Implementing the cost accounting system for ecosystem conservation programs to succeed in quality prioritization and equal emphasis on building and management;and 4)Giving full play to the supporting and leading role of science and technology to accomplish the high-standard and high-quality conservation programs implementation.

关 键 词：山水林田湖草沙系统治理 战略意义 理论基础 推进路径 重点问题 

分 类 号：F326.20[经济管理—产业经济]