属性凸显义构式“N就是N”的功用与成因  

The Functions and Causes of the Attribute Prominence Construction“N Jiushi(就是)N”

作　　者：夏焕乐 张谊生[1] XIA Huan-le;ZHANG Yi-sheng(School of Humanities,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文学院,上海200234

出　　处：《语言研究》2023年第2期9-17,共9页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金“汉语副词再演化的模式与功用、动因与机制的系统性研究”(20BYY153)。

摘　　要：文章讨论了构式“N就是N”与其同形异质一般结构的区别特征、构式语义及其形成所需的语境条件、语境表现构式语义时背后的认知理据性、话语功能和构式化历程及其动因。区别特征上,构式的常项构件凝固度高于一般结构,变项构件前N的准入范围小于一般结构,后N不受回指而一般结构可以,构式不可搭配语气词“呗”而一般结构可以。构式语义上,构式表凸显名词后N的社会属性义,并主要受两种语境条件的制约。话语功能上,利用关联理论讨论了构式后N所凸显的属性是认知最佳关联性的体现,且构式可表认同性评述、语力强化和合理感叹等功能。构式化上,“N就是N”在言者追求高价值信息、隐含比较对象与特定语境促动等动因的联合作用下完成构式化。This paper discusses the distinguishing features between the construction“N Jiushi(就是)N”and its homomorphic and heterogeneous general structure,the semantics of the construction and the contextual conditions needed for its formation,the cognitive motivation behind the context expressing the semantics of the construction,the discourse functions,the constructionalization process and its motivations.In terms of distinguishing features,the solidification degree of the constant component of the construction is higher than that of the general structure,the admission range of the former N of the variable component is smaller than that of the general structure,the latter N is not anaphoric but the general structure can,and the modal particles can not be matched with Bei(呗)but the general structure can.In terms of construction semantics,the construction highlights the social attribute meaning of the post-N,which is mainly restricted by two contextual conditions.In terms of discourse functions,it is discussed by using relevance theory that the prominent attribute of the post-N is the embodiment of cognitive optimal relevance,and the construction can express the functions of identity comment,force strenthened and reasonable exclamation.In terms of constructionalization process,“N Jiushi(就是)N”is constructed under the combined actions of the speaker's pursuit of high-value information,implied comparative objects and specific context.

关 键 词：构式“N就是N” 构式语义 语境类型 话语功能 构式化 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]