金鱼草AmFIM基因在龙葵中的表达和对其花发育的影响  

Expression of AmFIM Gene in Solanum nigrum and Its Effect on Flower Development

作　　者：冯丽君 陈柯俐 郝燕敏 李菲菲 崔敏龙 朴春兰 FENG Li-Jun;CHEN Ke-Li;HAO Yan-Min;LI Fei-Fei;CUI Min-Long;PIAO Chun-Lan(College of Horticulture Science,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province/College of Horticulture Science,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学园艺科学学院,杭州311300 [2]浙江农林大学园艺科学学院/浙江省山区农业协同创新中心,杭州311300

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2023年第5期958-967,共10页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：浙江省农业科学院合作研发项目(H20210386)。

摘　　要：UFO(unusual floral organs)基因及其直系同源基因在调控花分生组织确定性和花器官的发育中具有重要作用,其功能在多个物种中都已得到揭示。AmFIM(AmFimbriata)基因作为最早克隆的UFO类基因,与其他UFO类基因相比在功能和基因相互作用方面具有一定的差异性,此外,其在金鱼草(Antirrhinum majus)中的研究局限于转座子介导的突变体,因此AmFIM基因的功能还需进一步的验证与完善。本研究将pBI35S::AmFIM过表达载体在茄科龙葵(Solanum nigrum)中异源转化,通过形态学观察发现,转基因龙葵植株表现出明显的矮化、早花的表型,且AmFIM基因表达量的差异对龙葵聚伞花序和花器官产生不同的影响。弱表型株系中,每个花序中花数目减少,顶端花序结构复杂,花器官与野生型相比无明显差异;强表型株系中,聚伞花序转变为单花,花器官发生同源异型转化,即萼片出现花瓣状组织,雄蕊出现花瓣状组织,心皮出现雄蕊状结构,此外还出现了花器官的融合,表现为萼片和花瓣融合,花瓣和雄蕊融合。通过石蜡切片进一步观察强表型转基因龙葵雄蕊样心皮的内部结构,发现具有类似花药的组织。结果表明,AmFIM基因在龙葵中的过表达主要影响龙葵的花序结构和花器官的发育,AmFIM在调控花分生组织确定性、花器官分化和维持花器官边界等方面具有重要功能。本研究进一步完善了AmFIM基因的研究内容,为UFO类基因的分子调控机制提供了参考。The unusual floral organs(UFO)gene and its orthologous genes have an important role in the regulating the identity of floral meristem and the development of floral organs,and its functions have been revealed in many species.AmFimbriata(AmFIM)is the earliest cloned UFO like gene,compared with other UFO like genes,it has certain differences in function and gene interaction.In addition,the study of AmFIM in Antirrhinum majus was limited to transposon-mediated mutants.Therefore,the function of AmFIM gene needs further verification and improvement.In this experiment,the pBI35S::AmFIM overexpression vector was heterologously transformed in Solanum nigrum,the morphological observation found that the transgenic S.nigrum plants showed obvious dwarf,early flowering phenotype,and the difference in AmFIM gene expression had different effects on S.nigrum cymes and floral organs.In weakly phenotypic lines,the number of flowers in each inflorescence was reduced,the apical inflorescence architecture was complicated,and the floral organs were not significantly different compared with the wild type;in strongly phenotypic lines,the cymes were transformed into single flowers,the floral organs were homozygously transformed,the sepals became larger,petaloid tissue appeared in sepals and stamens,staminoid tissue appeared in carpels,and sepals fused with petals,petals fused with stamens.The internal structure of stamenloid carpel of transgenic S.nigrum was further observed by paraffin section,and it was found that there were tissues similar to anthers and pollen.The results showed that the overexpression of AmFIM gene in S.nigrum affects the inflorescence architecture and the development of floral organs,reflecting the function of AmFIM gene in regulating the determinacy of floral meristems,floral organ differentiation and maintaining floral organ boundaries.This study further improves the research content of AmFIM gene and provides a reference for the molecular regulation mechanism of UFO like genes.

关 键 词：金鱼草 转基因龙葵 AmFIM(AmFimbriata) UFO(unusual floral organs) 花序结构 花器官发育 

分 类 号：S647[农业科学—蔬菜学]