毛竹和阔叶林凋落物浸提液对土壤微生物及氮矿化的影响  

Effects of Litter Extracts from Moso Bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)and Broadleaved Forests on Soil Microbes and Nitrogen Mineralization

作　　者：王兰鸽 张前前 赵明水[2] 苗丹妮 李永夫[1] 滕秋梅 李永春[1] WANG Lan-Ge;ZHANG Qian-Qian;ZHAO Ming-Shui;MIAO Dan-Ni;LI Yong-Fu;TENG Qiu-Mei;LI Yong-Chun(College of Environmental and Resources,Zhejiang A&F University/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycle in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration/State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture,Hangzhou 311300,China;Zhejiang Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve Administration,Hangzhou 311312,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院/浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室/亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室,杭州311300 [2]浙江天目山国家级自然保护区管理局,杭州311312

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2023年第5期1053-1063,共11页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32071742);浙江省自然科学基金重点项目(LZ22C160005)。

摘　　要：亚热带地区降雨淋溶显著影响森林土壤养分循环和植物生长。为探究毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)入侵阔叶林生态系统中林下凋落物如何通过水溶性碳、氮释放影响土壤氮矿化过程及其机制,本研究将毛竹和阔叶林凋落物水浸提液添加到阔叶林土壤进行42 d培养,研究2种林分凋落物浸提液对土壤净氮矿化(氨化速率,硝化速率和氮矿化速率)、水解酶(β-葡萄糖苷酶、β-1,4-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶,亮氨酸氨肽酶)活性、土壤细菌和真菌丰度以及土壤pH的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,加入毛竹林凋落物浸提液可显著促进净氨化速率(9.2%~52.3%)、净硝化速率(8.4%~138.9%)和净氮矿化速率(8.7%~37.9%)(P<0.05),但加入阔叶林凋落物浸提液可显著降低净氨化速率(6.1%~92.1%)和净硝化速率(13.8%~279.7%),极显著降低净氮矿化速率(15.1%~65.4%)(P<0.01)。与阔叶林凋落物浸提液相比,毛竹林浸提液添加后显著降低了土壤pH(P<0.05),显著提升了土壤真菌与细菌丰度比(P<0.05),同时显著促进了β-1,4-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶和亮氨酸氨基肽酶等氮矿化相关酶活性(P<0.05)。相关分析表明,氮矿化速率受土壤pH、土壤真菌与细菌丰度比、β-葡萄糖苷酶、β-1,4-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶、亮氨酸氨肽酶及不同凋落物浸提液C/N的共同调节。本研究表明,入侵植物毛竹可通过其凋落物淋溶液显著提高土壤氮矿化速率,将产生利于毛竹生长的土壤养分环境以促进其入侵进程,本研究为解析毛竹入侵天然林过程中的植物—土壤互作机制提供了科学依据。Soil nutrient cycling and plant growth are significantly affected by rainfall leaching in different forest stands in subtropical regions.This study aimed to investigate how the litter under Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)invasion into broadleaved forest affected the soil nitrogen mineralization through the release of water-soluble carbon and nitrogen from litter.The incubation experiment in broadleaved forest soil for 42 d was conducted by adding different concentrations of the litter extracts from invaded Moso bamboo and uninvaded broadleaved forests.This study investigated the effects of litter extracts from invasive and noninvasive forests on the soil net nitrogen mineralization(ammonification rate,nitrification rate,and nitrogen mineralization rate),hydrolase enzyme(β-glucosidase enzyme,β-1,4-N-acetylglucosidase,and leucine aminopeptidase)activities,and the abundance of bacteria and fungi,and soil pH.The results showed that the net ammonification rate(9.2%~52.3%),net nitrification rate(8.4%~138.9%),net nitrogen mineralization rate(8.7%~37.9%)were significantly increased by adding the litter extract of Moso bamboo forest compared with the control(P<0.05).The net ammonification rate(6.1%~92.1%),net nitrification rate(13.8%~279.7%),and net mineralization rate(15.1%~65.4%)were significantly decreased by adding a litter-eluting extract of the broadleaved forest(P<0.05).The addition of the litter extracts from Moso bamboo were significantly decreased soil pH(P<0.05),but significantly increased the fungal-to-bacterial ratio(P<0.05),and significantly promoted the enzyme activities related to nitrogen mineralizations,e.g.β-1,4-Nacetaminoglycosidase and leucine aminopeptidase(P<0.05).The correlation analysis showed that the nitrogen mineralization rate was affected by the soil pH,β-glucosidase,β-1,4-N-acetylglucosidase,leucine aminopeptidase,C/N ratio of litter extracts and soil fungal-to-bacterial ratio.Thus,the litter extracts from invasive plant bamboo significantly increased the soil nitrogen mineralization

关 键 词：凋落物浸提液 土壤氮矿化 土壤微生物 土壤酶活性 毛竹入侵 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学]