两建筑物的相对参数对地闪落雷点分布的影响  

Influence of the Relative Parameters of the Two Buildings on the Distribution of Lightning Strike Points

作　　者：朱鑫 谭涌波[1] 余骏皓 钟育青 谭雨薇 杨珂鑫 ZHU Xin;TAN Yongbo;YU Junhao;ZHONG Yuqing;TAN Yuwei;YANG Kexin(Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster,Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration,Nanjing University of Information&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室,南京210044

出　　处：《电瓷避雷器》2023年第2期18-25,共8页Insulators and Surge Arresters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:41875003);江苏省大学生创新训练项目(编号:201970300072Y)。

摘　　要：利用三维高分辨率的闪电随机发展模式,在保证模拟域内的两个建筑物长度、宽度和初始电场环境等基本参数不变的前提下,通过改变模拟域近地面两建筑物的相对高度、相对距离、相对方位3种建筑物相对参数来研究建筑物对周围低矮环境的落雷点(即上行先导的始发点,下同)的影响。系统阐述了不同情况下的高建筑物对于周围低矮环境的雷击保护效应。结果表明:(1)固定高建筑物的高度,不断增加矮建筑物的高度,在一定高度比内高建筑物对近距离内低矮建筑物具有明显的雷击保护效应,随着两建筑物的高度不断接近(高度比越来越小)保护效应逐渐减弱,当高矮建筑物的高度比下降到小于1:0.80之后,高建筑物失去保护能力;(2)高建筑物对地面在近距离一定范围内存在雷击保护效应,且具有明显的临界保护距离。当高矮建筑物之间的间距扩大到大于300 m之后,高建筑失去物对矮建筑物的保护能力;(3)建筑物之间的相对方位对地面落雷点的分布影响不大。最后,笔者采用多元线性回归的方法定量的给出了建筑物之间的相对高度、相对间距对高建筑物的保护效率的影响的概率公式,经检验,具有较强的线性相关关系。Using three-dimensional high-resolution lightning random development model,and in the simulation domain,the length and width of the two buildings and the initial electric field environment remain unchanged,by changing the relative height,distance and azimuth of two buildings near the ground in the sim-ulation domain,the impact of buildings on the lightning strike points(lightning strike point that is,the starting point of the upward leader,the same below)of the surrounding low environment.The author systematically ex-pounds the lightning protection effect of high buildings on the surrounding low environment under different conditions.The results indicate that:(1)The height of high buildings is fixed,and the height of low buildings is continuously increased.The high buildings within a certain height ratio have obvious lightning protection effect on low buildings within a certain height ratio.With the height of the two buildings approaching(the height ratio is getting smaller and smaller),the protection effect gradually weakens,when the height ratio of two buildings decreases to less than 1:0.80,high building lose its protection ability;(2)There is an obvious lightning protection distance within a certain range of the ground,when the distance between the buildings is greater than 300 m,the number of lightning strike points has shown a trend of flattening;(3)The relative azimuth between buildings has litle influence on the distribution of ground lightning strike points.Finally,the author uses the method of multiple linear regression to give the probability formula of the effect of the relative height and distance between the buildings on the protection efficiency of high buildings to low buildings quantitatively.Through testing,there is a strong linear correlation.

关 键 词：雷击概率 落雷点 控制变量法 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TU856[建筑科学]