废旧锂电池的机械化学法回收与再制备研究  

Mechanochemical Recovery and Reprocessing of Used Lithium Batteries

作　　者：乔骞 李鑫[1] 王坤 李印 于洪浩[1] 孙园润 李年平 邢文鹏 王炳天 QIAO Qian;LI Xin;WANG Kun;LI Yin;YU Honghao;SUN Yuanrun;LI Nianping;XING Wenpeng;WANG Bingtian(Shenyang Ligong University,Shenyang 110159,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳理工大学材料科学与工程学院,沈阳110159

出　　处：《沈阳理工大学学报》2023年第3期54-60,67,共8页Journal of Shenyang Ligong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51904192);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2019-ZD-0258)。

摘　　要：采用机械活化回收废旧锂电池正极材料钴酸锂(LiCoO2)中的有价金属钴,实现常温环境中有价金属的高效浸出,并进一步以浸出液为原料,采用水热沉淀法制备镍钴锰酸锂(NCM622)三元正极材料。研究浸出条件对LiCoO2中钴浸出率的影响,以及制备NCM622正极材料时过渡金属与尿素物质的量比对其电化学性能的影响。实验结果表明:在球磨时间为75 min、球磨转速为400 r/min、固液比为1∶50、球料比为35∶1条件下,钴的浸出率达到96.44%;在过渡金属与尿素物质的量比为1∶3的条件下,制备的NCM622正极材料具有良好的α-NaFeO_(2)层状结构,Ni、Co、Mn的原子比基本符合6∶2∶2,且其电化学性能良好,首圈放电比容量为154.4 mAh/g,30圈循环后容量保持率为96.11%。Mechanical activation was used to recover the valuable metal cobalt from lithium cobaltate(LiCoO_(2)),a waste lithium battery cathode material,to achieve efficient leaching of the valuable metal at room temperature,and further to prepare lithium nickel cobalt manganate(NCM622)ternary cathode material by hydrothermal precipitation using the leachate as raw material.The effect of leaching conditions on the leaching rate of cobalt from LiCoO_(2)and the effect of the transition metal to urea substance ratio on the electrochemical properties of the NCM622 cathode material were investigated.The experimental results showed that the cobalt leaching rate reached 96.44%under the conditions of ball milling time of 75 min,ball milling speed of 400 r/min,solid-liquid ratio of 1∶50 and ball-to-material ratio of 35∶1;The prepared NCM622 cathode material had a goodα-NaFeO_(2)layered structure under the conditions of the amount ratio of transition metal to urea substance of 1∶3,and the atomic ratios of Ni,Co and Mn basically conformed to 6∶2∶2,and its electrochemical performance was good,with a specific capacity of 154.4 mAh/g in the first cycle and a capacity retention rate of 96.11%after 30 cycles.

关 键 词：废旧锂电池 机械活化 金属钴浸出 三元正极材料 

分 类 号：TF09[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]