磷肥调控对冀中南平原区小麦——玉米轮作土壤有效磷含量和作物产量的影响  

Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Regulation on Available Phosphorus Content and Crop Yield in Wheat-Maize Rotation Soil in the Central and Southern Hebei Plain Area

作　　者：侯大山[1] 王瑞文 宋小颖[1] 张润博 张振冉[3] 王云超 崔瑞秀 刘鑫翠 李光[1] 常苑苑 张广辉[1] 李娟茹 HOU Da-shan;WANG Rui-wen;SONG Xiao-ying;ZHANG Run-bo;ZHANG Zhen-ran;WANG Yun-chao;CUI Rui-xiu;LIU Xin-cui;LI Guang;CHANG Yuan-yuan;ZHANG Guang-hui;LI Juan-ru(Shijiazhuang Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Shijiazhuang 050051,China;Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Shijiazhuang Agricultural Products Quality Testing Center,Shijiazhuang 050000,China;China Modern Agriculture Hebei Co.,Ltd,Shijiazhuang 050000,China;Zhengding County Soil Fertilizer Station,Shijiazhuang 050000,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄市农业技术推广中心,河北石家庄050051 [2]江西农业大学,江西南昌330045 [3]石家庄市农产品质量检测中心,河北石家庄050000 [4]中华现代农业河北有限公司,河北石家庄050000 [5]正定县土壤肥料站,河北石家庄050000

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2023年第2期54-58,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省人事厅2021年度“三三三人才工程”资助项目(A202101121)。

摘　　要：为了在冀中南平原区小麦—玉米轮作生产中合理施用磷肥,最终实现磷肥减量增效,以当地农户常规施肥为CK,采用小麦季减施磷肥(P2O5纯量计,下同)37.5 kg/hm^(2)、玉米季减施磷肥18 kg/hm^(2)的磷素调控方法,研究了减施磷肥对土壤有效磷含量以及作物产量的影响。结果表明:周年生产中小麦季、玉米季均较CK减施磷肥1/3,小麦收获后0~20 cm、20~40 cm土壤有效磷含量分别较其播前降低20.4%和33.3%,玉米收获后0~20 cm、20~40 cm土壤有效磷含量分别较其播前降低22.1%和31.4%;1个周年生产结束后,0~20 cm、20~40 cm土壤有效磷含量分别较试验开始前降低11.6%和47.0%。当前土壤磷库水平下,小麦、玉米生产中磷素投入均降低1/3,小麦和玉米产量均能够达到常规施肥的产量水平。In order to apply phosphorus fertilizer reasonably in wheat-maize rotation production in the central and southern Hebei plain area,and finally realize the reduction and efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer,the effect of reducing phosphorus fertilizer on soil available phosphorus content and crop yield was studied by taking the conventional fertilization of local farmers as CK,using 37.5 kg/hm^(2) of phosphorus fertilizer in wheat season(P2O5 pure amount,the same below)and 18 kg/hm^(2) of phosphorus fertilizer in maize season.The results showed that the phosphorus fertilizer was reduced by 1/3 compared with CK in the annual production in wheat season and maize season,and the available phosphorus content of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil after wheat harvest decreased by 20.4%and 33.3%respectively compared with that before sowing,and the available phosphorus content of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil after maize harvest decreased by 22.1%and 31.4%respectively compared with that before sowing.After the end of one year production,the available phosphorus content of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil decreased by 11.6%and 47.0%respectively compared with that before the test.At the current level of soil phosphorus pool,the phosphorus input in wheat and maize production is reduced by 1/3,and the yield of wheat and maize can reach the yield level of conventional fertilization.

关 键 词：冀中南地区 小麦 玉米 磷肥调控 有效磷含量 产量 

分 类 号：S157.41[农业科学—土壤学] S51[农业科学—农业基础科学]