基于多场耦合仿真的四轨电磁发射器性能分析  

Performance analysis of quadrupole electromagnetic railgun launchers based on muti-field coupling simulation

作　　者：杜翔宇 刘少伟[1] 关娇[2] DU Xiangyu;LIU Shaowei;GUAN Jiao(College of Air Defense and Anti-Missile,Air Force Engineering University,Xi’an 710051,China;College of Information and Navigation,Air Force Engineering University,Xi’an 710051,China)

机构地区：[1]空军工程大学防空反导学院,西安710051 [2]空军工程大学信息与导航学院,西安710051

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2023年第4期112-120,共9页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

摘　　要：电磁轨道发射器的工作过程涉及复杂的多物理场耦合现象,仅通过解析计算难以实现对电磁轨道发射器性能的全面分析。为了对电磁轨道发射器的动态发射过程进行研究,以四极凸轨道电磁发射器作为研究对象,建立了瞬态电磁-热-结构多物理场耦合仿真模型,采用CLM模型模拟发射过程中过盈电枢与轨道的电接触现象,得到了发射器工作过程中电枢、轨道受力随时间变化情况和电磁场、应力、温度分布。研究结果表明,发射器电枢、轨道受力的变化趋势与激励电流的变化趋势接近,趋肤效应和速度趋肤效应会引起受力的削弱。电磁力会改变接触面上的压力分布,改善枢轨接触状态,进而改变接触区域的电流分布。发射过程中,由于摩擦力作用,温升最大处位于电枢臂尾端而电流密度最大值出现在电枢喉部。所做的研究对了解发射器的动态发射过程及发射过程中的多物理场耦合机理具有一定参考意义。The working process of electromagnetic railgun launchers involves complex multi-field coupling,and it is difficult to analyze their performance only through analytical calculation.In order to study the dynamic launching process of an electromagnetic railgun launcher,this paper establishes a simulation model of transient electromagnetic-thermal-structural multi-field coupling by taking a quadrupole convex electromagnetic railgun launcher as the research object.The CLM model is used to simulate the electrical contact between the interference armature and the rails during the launching process.The variation of armature and rail force with time and the distribution of the electromagnetic field,stress and temperature during the launching process are obtained.The research results show that the change trend of the armature and rail force is close to that of the excitation current,and the skin effect and the velocity skin effect will cause the weakening of the force.The electromagnetic force will change the pressure distribution on the contact surface,improve the contact state of the pivot rail,and then change the current distribution in the contact area.During the launching process,due to the action of friction,the maximum temperature rise is at the tail of the armature arm while the maximum current density appears at the armature throat.The research has some reference significance for understanding the dynamic launching process of the launcher and the multi-field coupling mechanism in the launching process.

关 键 词：电磁轨道发射器 多物理场耦合分析 动态发射过程 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TJ399[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程] TM89[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]