中国成人慢性病核心知识掌握水平及相关因素分析  

Analysis of the core knowledge level of chronic diseases in Chinese adults and related factors

作　　者：郭凯明 董文兰[1] 董建群[1] 姜莹莹[1] 毛凡[1] 张伟伟[1] 周脉耕[1] 蒋炜[1] Guo Kaiming;Dong Wenlan;Dong Jianqun;Jiang Yingying;Mao Fan;Zhang Weiwei;Zhou Maigeng;Jiang Wei(Center for the Prevention and Control of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心,北京100050

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2023年第4期550-556,共7页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解中国成人慢性病防控核心知识掌握水平及影响因素,为制定慢性病防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用横断面调查和配额抽样方法,2021年3—4月期间,在中国成人慢性病与营养监测302个县区招募173819名18岁及以上常住居民进行线上问卷调查,内容包括基本信息和慢性病核心知识两部分。慢病防控核心知识得分采用中位数(四分位数间距)进行描述,组间比较采用Wilcoxon秩和检验或Kruskal Wallis检验,采用多重线性回归模型分析总得分的相关因素。结果302个县区共调查172808名研究对象,其中男性占42.60%(73623人),女性占57.40%(99185人);18~44岁、45~59岁、60岁及以上年龄段调查对象比例分别为54.74%(94594人)、30.91%(53423人)和14.35%(24791人)。总人群慢性病防控核心知识总得分为66(13)分,不同特征人群得分不同,差异均有统计学意义:其中东部地区得分最高,为67(11)分(H=840.66,P<0.01),城市66(12)分高于农村65(14)分(Z=-31.35,P<0.01),男性66(14)分低于女性66(12)分(Z=-11.66,P<0.01),18~24岁64(13)分低于其他年龄段(H=115.80,P<0.01),本科及以上相比其他学历者得分最高,为68(9)分(H=2547.25,P<0.01)。多因素分析显示,东部(t=27.42,P<0.01)、中部(t=17.33,P<0.01)、城市(t=5.69,P<0.01)、女性(t=17.81,P<0.01)、年龄(t=46.04,P<0.01)和文化程度(t=57.77,P<0.01)越高者的慢性病防控核心知识得分较其他人群高;专业技术和办事人员(t=8.63,P<0.01)、国家机关企事业单位人员(t=38.67,P<0.01)、农林牧渔水利业生产人员(t=5.33,P<0.01)、生产运输和商业人员(t=24.87,P<0.01)、其他劳动者(t=8.89,P<0.01)的慢性病防控核心知识得分较未就业人群高。结论我国不同特征人群慢性病防控核心知识总得分存在差异,今后应针对特定人群加强慢性病防治健康教育,以提高居民的知识水平。Objective To understand the core knowledge level and influencing factors of chronic disease prevention and control in Adults in China,and to provide a scientific basis for formulating chronic disease prevention and control measures.Methods In this study,cross-sectional survey and quota sampling were used to recruit 173819 permanent residents aged 18 and above from 302 counties of adult chronic diseases and nutrition surveillance in China to conduct an online questionnaire survey,including basic information and core knowledge of chronic diseases.The scores of the core knowledge of chronic disease prevention and control were described by median and interquartile range,the Wilcoxon rank sum test or the Kruskal Wallis test was used for the inter-group comparison,and the correlation factors of the total score were analyzed by the multilinear regression model.Results A total of 172808 participants were surveyed in 302 counties and districts,of which 42.60%(73623)were male and 57.40%(99185)were female;The proportion of respondents aged 18-44,45-59,and 60 years old and above was 54.74%(94594),30.91%(53423)and 14.35%(24791),respectively.The total score of the core knowledge of chronic prevention and control in the total population was 66(13),and the scores of different characteristic groups were different,and the differences were statistically significant:the eastern region had the highest score at 67(11)(H=840.66,P<0.01),the urban 66(12)was higher than the rural 65(14)(Z=-31.35,P<0.01),and the male 66(14)was lower than female 66(12)(Z=-11.66,P<0.01),18-24 years old 64(13)was lower than other age groups(H=115.80,P<0.01),and undergraduate degree and above had the highest score compared to other academic qualifications,with 68(9)points(H=2547.25,P<0.01).Multivariate analysis showed that eastern(t=27.42,P<0.01),central(t=17.33,P<0.01),urban(t=5.69,P<0.01),female(t=17.81,P<0.01),high age(t=46.04,P<0.01)and high education(t=57.77,P<0.01)had higher scores of core knowledge of chronic disease prevention and control than other gr

关 键 词：慢性病 健康知识 健康教育 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]