温和条件可控制备三维还原氧化石墨烯凝胶及其性能  

Controllable preparation method and performance of three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide aerogel under mild conditions

作　　者：赵虎虎 周玉敬 胡晓兰[3] 朱祥东 任明伟 ZHAO Huhu;ZHOU Yujing;HU Xiaolan;ZHU Xiangdong;REN Mingwei(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Forming Technology and Equipment,China Academy of Machinery Science and Technology Group,Beijing 100083,China;Dezhou Branch of Beijing National Innovation Institute of Ligheweight CO.,LTD.,Dezhou 253049,China;College of Materials,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]中国机械科学研究总院集团有限公司先进成形技术与装备国家重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司德州分公司,德州253049 [3]厦门大学材料学院,厦门361005

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2023年第3期1512-1521,共10页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：先进成形技术与装备国家重点实验室开放基金(SKL2020002);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020ME068);海南省重点研发计划(ZDYF2020011)。

摘　　要：为了实现石墨烯类三维气凝胶在温和环境条件下的大面积可控制备和高性能化,本文应用水合肼作为还原剂,通过低温预冷冻结合室温自然干燥,实现了室温还原自组装法可控制备直径30 cm的大面积三维还原氧化石墨烯(3D-RGO)气凝胶。该方法制备条件温和,不需任何加热条件和特殊冷冻干燥设备。通过对气凝胶制备过程中还原时间、预冷冻时间、预冷冻温度和反应容器进行控制,可以有效调节气凝胶的形状、表面浸润性、体积收缩率等,实现3D-RGO气凝胶的可控制备。该气凝胶不会出现明显的体积收缩和结构破裂,为具有约500μm的稳定孔径和3.8 mg/cm^(3)的低密度的蜂窝状结构,并能够从90%的压缩应变下快速地恢复到初始状态,其干燥过程体积收缩率<5%;同时该石墨烯气凝胶展现良好稳定的导电性,在压缩应变从0%增加到90%时,其导电率从17.3 S/m增加至115.2 S/m。这种方法经济高效且易于制备出大面积的3D-RGO。In order to realize the large-area controllable preparation and high performance of graphene-based three-dimensional aerogels under mild environmental conditions,hydrazine hydrate is used as reducing agent in this paper.Through low-temperature pre-frozen combined with natural drying at room temperature,large-area three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide(3D-RGO)aerogels with a diameter of 30 cm can be prepared effectively and controlled.The method has mild preparation conditions and does not need any heating conditions or special freeze-drying equipment.By controlling the reduction time,pre-frozen time,pre-frozen temperature and reaction vessel during the preparation of 3D-RGO aerogel,the shape,surface wettability,volume shrinkage aerogel can be effectively adjusted to achieve controllable preparation of 3D-RGO aerogel.The 3D-RGO aerogel has no obvious volume shrinkage and structural cracks.The aerogels exhibit a stable honeycomb-like structure with a stable pore size of about 500μm and a low density of 3.8 mg/cm^(3),and it can quickly undergo a compression strain of 90%and return to the initial state.The volume shrinkage rate of the aerogels is<5%in the drying process.At the same time,the graphene aerogel exhibits good and stable conductivity.When the compressive strain increases from 0%to 90%,its conductivity increases from 17.3 S/m to 115.2 S/m.This method is suitable for the cost-effective preparation of large-area graphene aerogels.

关 键 词：还原氧化石墨烯 气凝胶 温和条件 可控制备 压缩性能 导电性能 

分 类 号：TB321[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]