DNA甲基化在法医学中的研究进展和应用现状  

Research progress and application status quo of DNA methylation in forensic medicine

作　　者：宋炳辉 郭侃 傅俊江 Song Binghui;Guo Kan;Fu Junjiang(Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology,the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine,Southwest Medical University,Luzhou 646000,China;Laboratory of Precision Medicine and DNA Forensic Medicine the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine,Southwest Medical University,Luzhou 646000,China;Laboratory of Forensic DNA,Judicial Authentication Center,Southwest Medical University,Luzhou 646000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南医科大学医学基础研究中心表观遗传与肿瘤四川省高校重点实验室,泸州646000 [2]西南医科大学医学基础研究中心精准医学与DNA法医学研究室,泸州646000 [3]西南医科大学司法鉴定中心DNA法医物证实验室,泸州646000

出　　处：《国际遗传学杂志》2023年第1期37-49,共13页International Journal of Genetics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81672887);泸州市社会发展基金项目(2021-SYF-37);西南医科大学研究生教育教学改革项目(YJG202222)。

摘　　要：目前表观遗传学在各个领域展开深入研究,因其不以DNA序列改变为前提的特殊遗传模式,而在法医学中具有很高的应用和研究价值。在表观遗传学中,DNA甲基化作为发现最早且研究最多的表观遗传现象,其为解决同卵双生子的鉴别、年龄的推断、组织体液的推断等法医学实践问题提供了新的思路和方法。本文将对法医学中DNA甲基化的常用检测方法进行总结和归纳,并对DNA甲基化在同卵双生子的鉴别、年龄的推断和组织体液的推断中的研究进展和应用现状进行阐述。以此展示了DNA甲基化和法医学的密切联系,并对其在法医学领域中的研究价值和应用前景进行了讨论。At present,epigenetics has been intensively studied in various fields,and has a high application and research value in forensic medicine because of its special mode of inheritance that is not predicated on DNA sequence alteration.As the earliest discovered and most studied epigenetic phenomenon in epigenetics,DNA methylation has provided new ideas and methods to solve forensic practice problems such as identification of monozygotic twins,estimation of age,and identification of tissues and body fluids.In this review,we summarize and conclude the common detection methods of DNA methylation in forensic medicine and describe the research progress and application status quo of DNA methylation in the identification of monozygotic twins,estimation of age and identification of tissues and body fluids.In this way,the close links between DNA methylation and forensic medicine are showed,and its research values and application prospects in the field of forensic medicine are discussed.

关 键 词：DNA甲基化 法医学 表观遗传学 同卵双生子的鉴别 年龄推断 组织体液推断 

分 类 号：D919[医药卫生—法医学]