韧性材料的冲蚀损伤数值仿真综述  

Review on Numerical Simulation of Erosion Damage of Ductile Materials

作　　者：张开 唐振寰 王建方 ZHANG Kai;TANG Zhen-huan;WANG Jian-fang(Aero Engine Corporation of China,Beijing 100097,China;AECC Hunan Powerplant Research Institute,Zhuzhou Hunan 412002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航空发动机集团有限公司,北京100097 [2]中国航发湖南动力机械研究所,湖南株洲412002

出　　处：《航空发动机》2023年第2期89-98,共10页Aeroengine

基　　金：航空动力基础研究项目资助。

摘　　要：砂尘造成韧性材料的冲蚀损伤现象和损伤演化规律是冲蚀机理研究的重要内容,基于相应冲蚀试验和数值仿真的分析方法是揭示冲蚀机理的重要手段。回顾了砂尘冲蚀损伤研究的缘起和发展经历,在介绍砂尘冲蚀损伤机理的基础上,总结了当前数值仿真研究的3种主流方法:有限元方法、无网格方法和计算流体动力学方法。从数值仿真角度针对砂尘对韧性材料造成的破坏模式、砂尘冲击姿态、砂尘冲击速度和形状、砂尘破碎对材料去除机制的影响等4个方面综述了影响冲蚀损伤机理的主要因素和当前研究进展。砂尘对韧性材料造成的破坏模式通常分为材料凹陷、滑动、犁削、切削等4种不同机制;砂尘的冲击姿态决定了材料的损伤模式;砂尘的冲击速度和砂尘的形状决定了材料的损伤严重程度;砂尘破碎现象对材料的去除机制有一定影响。The damage phenomena and damage evolution laws of ductile materials sand erosion under different impact conditions are important aspects of erosion mechanism research,and the analysis method based on corresponding erosion tests and numerical simulations are is the necessary ways to study the erosion mechanisms.This paper reviews the origin and development of the research on sand erosion damage.Based on the introduction of the mechanisms of sand erosion damage,three mainstream numerical simulation methods are summa⁃rized:finite element method,meshfree method,and computational fluid dynamics method.From the perspective of numerical simulation,the main factors affecting the sand erosion damage mechanisms of ductile materials and current research progress are summarized,includ⁃ing the damage mode,impact attitude,impact speed,sand particle shape,and the effect of sand particle fragmentation on the material re⁃moval mechanism.The damage modes of ductile materials caused by sand are usually categorized into four different mechanisms:material indentation,sliding,ploughing,and cutting.The impact attitude of sand determines the damage mode of the material.The impact velocity and shape of sand determine the severity of material damage.The phenomenon of sand fragmentation has a certain effect on the material re⁃moval mechanism.

关 键 词：韧性材料 砂尘 金属 冲蚀损伤机理 数值仿真 航空发动机 

分 类 号：V214.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]