民用涡扇发动机高高原起动风险规避试验方法  

Risk Avoidance Test Method for High Plateau Starting of Civil Turbofan Engine

作　　者：陆思达 王玉东 严红明 LU Si-da;WANG Yu-dong;YAN Hong-ming(AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司,上海200241

出　　处：《航空发动机》2023年第2期160-167,共8页Aeroengine

基　　金：航空动力基础研究项目资助。

摘　　要：为了保证民用涡扇发动机在高高原机场首次试飞起动成功,采用建模设计方法,建立了发动机部件级起动模型,包括高海拔气候条件对起动机特性的影响、旋转部件低转速特性延伸和修正、高海拔燃油雾化及点火对燃烧室效率的影响、发动机附件阻力和功率损失、风阻和吸放热等模块,设计了民用涡扇发动机高海拔起动控制规律。采用仿真和试验分析技术建立了民用涡扇发动机起动方案设计方法和试验调试优化方法,详细分析了起动机能力降低、转子运转阻力增大、燃油喷嘴雾化效果差、部件效率和稳定性降低等4项影响高高原起动成功的因素。按照循序渐进的原则设计了高高原试飞起动风险规避试验流程。试验结果表明:设计的民用涡扇发动机高高原起动风险规避试验方法有效,确保了飞机首次转场高高原机场降落后成功起飞。In order to ensure the successful start of a civil turbofan engine in the first flight test at a high plateau airport,a compo⁃nent-level starting model for the civil turbofan engine was established,including the influences of high plateau climatic environment on starter characteristics,extension and correction of low rotational speed characteristics of the rotating components,the influences of fuel at⁃omization and ignition to combustion efficiency of high plateau conditions,engine accessory resistance and power loss,wind and heat ab⁃sorption/discharge,etc.Based on the model,a high plateau starting control scheme was designed for the civil turbofan engine.The starting scheme design and test/commissioning optimization method for civil turbofan engines were established based on simulation and test analy⁃sis technology.Four factors affecting the successful starting of high plateau conditions were analyzed and discussed,including decreasing starter capacity,increasing rotor running resistance,poor atomization quality of fuel nozzles,and deteriorating component efficiency and stability.Following the principle of gradual progress,a starting risk avoidance test procedure was developed for the high plateau flight test.The test results show that the designed risk avoidance test method for high plateau starting of civil turbofan engines is effective,ensuring the successful takeoff of the aircraft after landing at a high plateau airport for the first time.

关 键 词：民用涡扇发动机 高高原 起动 试飞 

分 类 号：V231.1[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]