论民法典视阈下知识产权惩罚性赔偿中“故意”要件的认定  

On the Determination of“Intentional”Components in Punitive Damages for Intellectual Property Rights from the Perspective of Civil Code

作　　者：刘宁[1] 李聪聪 LIU Ning;LI Congcong(School of Law,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350116,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学法学院,福建福州350116

出　　处：《南京航空航天大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第2期76-82,共7页Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics（Social Sciences）

摘　　要：知识产权侵权惩罚性赔偿责任在《民法典》中得到确认,“故意+情节严重”是其构成要件。然而,故意的认定较为模糊,碍于制度的落实:基于惩罚性赔偿制度的特殊理念、知识产权保护的应然限度以及法律解释的多元化,各界对故意概念形成了多种解读,具有较大争议。此外,还存在故意的认定标准不统一、故意与情节严重的认定因素存在交叉的问题。鉴于此,应当立足知识产权特质和侵权特征,依据惩罚性赔偿的内在机理,在利益平衡理论的指导下,建立对故意认定的系统认知。一方面,形成对民法体系下的知识产权惩罚性赔偿责任的正确认识;另一方面,细化故意认定的相关规则。Punitive damages for intellectual property infringement is confirmed in the Civil Code,and“intention and severe circumstance”are the components.However,the determination of“intention”is vague because of the outdated system:based on the special concept of punitive damages system,the natural limits of intellectual property protection and the diversity of legal interpretations,the concept of“intention”has various interpretations and they are rather controversial.In addition,there are also problems of inconsistent criteria for determining“intention”and the intersection of intention and severe circumstance.Therefore,under the guidance of the theory of balance of interests,a systematic cognition of intentional determination should be established based on the characteristics of intellectual property and infringement and the intrinsic mechanism of punitive damages.On the one hand,we should develop a correct understanding of the punitive damages liability of intellectual property in the civil law system;on the other hand,we should refine relevant rules for the intentional determination.

关 键 词：侵害知识产权 惩罚性赔偿 故意侵权 故意认定 情节严重 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]