考虑踏面制动热应力的不同磨耗弹性车轮强度校核  

Elastic Wheel Strength Assessment Considering the Thermal Stress of Tread Braking

作　　者：刘智 陈刚 朱逸伦 黄孝卿 周信 LIU Zhi;CHEN Gang;ZHU Yilun;HUANG Xiaoqing;ZHOU Xin(Masteel Rail Transportation Material Technology Co.,Ltd.of Baowu Iron and Steel Group,Maanshan Anhui 243000,China;School of Urban Rail Transit,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]宝武集团马钢轨交材料科技有限公司,安徽马鞍山243000 [2]上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院,上海201620

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2023年第4期163-170,共8页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1834201);安徽省科技重大专项(17030901046)。

摘　　要：针对地铁用弹性车轮,研究踏面制动热对弹性车轮强度的影响。建立地铁弹性车轮实体有限元模型,进行连续3次紧急制动,对弹性车轮的静强度和疲劳强度进行校核,分析不同磨耗程度下车轮踏面制动热应力对车轮应力的影响及变化特征。结果表明:弹性车轮制动热应力对轮辋影响明显,相比仅考虑力学应力,考虑热应力和力学应力的新轮轮辋最大von Mises应力在直线、曲线和道岔载荷工况下分别增大了98.9%、48.3%、70.9%,相比仅考虑力学应力,考虑热应力和力学应力的磨耗到极限车轮最大von Mises应力在直线、曲线和道岔载荷工况下分别增大了48.2%、13.7%、36.9%;磨耗到极限车轮应力值较大但热应力影响比例较小,均满足静强度要求;轮芯和安装环部分温度上升较小,均不到0.1℃,应力变化很小。采用Goodman曲线对轮辋进行疲劳评价,得到考虑热应力前后最小安全系数分别为2.7和2.5,均满足疲劳校核要求;受到踏面制动热应力影响,轮辋部分最危险点位置与仅考虑力学应力时不同,最危险点位置从轮辋内侧转移到了轮辋最外侧。The influence of tread braking heat on the strength of elastic wheels for subway elastic wheels was studied.A solid finite element model of the subway elastic wheel was established,and three consecutive emergency braking carried out to check the static strength and fatigue strength of the elastic wheel,and analyze the influence of the thermal stress of the wheel tread on the wheel stress and the change characteristics under different degrees of wear.The results show that the thermal stress of the elastic wheel brake has a significant impact on the rim.Compared with only considering mechanical stress,the maximum von Mises stress of the new wheel rim considering thermal stress and mechanical stress increases by 98.9%,48.3%and 70.9%respectively under straight,curve and turnout load conditions.Compared with only considering mechanical stress,the maximum von Mises stress of the worn-to-limited wheel rim considering thermal stress and mechanical stress increases by 48.2%,13.7%,36.9%respectively under straight,curve and turnout load conditions.The stress value of the worn-to-limited wheel is large,but the influence ratio of thermal stress is small,which meets the static strength requirements.The temperature rise of the wheel core and the mounting ring is small,both less than 0.1℃,and the stress changes are small.The Goodman curve was used to evaluate the fatigue of the rim.It is found that the safety factors before and after considering the thermal stress is 2.7 and 2.5 respectively,both meet the fatigue check requirements.Affected by the thermal stress of tread braking,the position of the most dangerous point on the rim is different from that when only mechanical stress is considered.The position of the most dangerous point is transferred from the inside of the rim to the outside of the rim by the influence of the thermal stress of the thread brake.

关 键 词：弹性车轮 热力耦合 疲劳强度 强度校核 

分 类 号：TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论] U270[机械工程—车辆工程]