吉牛水电站冲击式水轮机水斗沙水流动特性及泥沙磨损研究  

Study on Internal Flow Characteristics and Sediment Wear of Pelton Turbine Bucket in Jiniu Hydropower Station

作　　者：邓方雄 罗涛 卿启维 黄羽 邓慧铭 刘季涛 曾永忠[2] 余志顺[2] 刘小兵[2] DENG Fangxiong;LUO Tao;QING Qiwei;HUANG Yu;DENG Huiming;LIU Jitao;ZENG Yongzhong;YU Zhishun;LIU Xiaobing(CHN Energy Dadu River Geshizha Hydropower Development Co.,Ltd.,Danba 626300 China;Key Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery,Ministry of Education,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039 China)

机构地区：[1]国能大渡河革什扎水电开发有限责任公司,四川丹巴626300 [2]西华大学流体及动力机械教育部重点实验室,四川成都610039

出　　处：《西华大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期86-93,共8页Journal of Xihua University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家重点专项基金(2018YFB0905200);四川省水电能源创新能力建设项目(2022-510124-04-01-622476)。

摘　　要：冲击式水轮机由于水头高,其高速射流引起的水轮机水斗泥沙磨损非常严重。为探究冲击式水轮机在高速水流下泥沙颗粒对水斗的磨损,基于CFD技术对吉牛水电站冲击式水轮机全流域进行液气固三相流动数值计算和水斗泥沙磨损预估,获得转轮水斗的内部流动特性和泥沙磨损情况。结果表明:水斗根部的出水边、水斗工作面靠近根部处以及切口和分水刃磨损严重,分水刃及切口的磨损大于水斗工作面的磨损,分水刃到出水边的磨损率总体上先上升后下降;水斗磨损的计算结果与实测结果较为一致,计算结果仅比实测结果偏大6%左右,说明泥沙磨损预估方法有效可行。本文的研究结果为冲击式水轮机泥沙磨损预估和电站运行维护提供了技术方法和依据。Due to the high head of the Pelton turbine,the high-speed jet causes very serious sediment wear to the turbine bucket.In order to explore the wear of sediment particles on the bucket of Pelton turbine under high-speed water flow,the liquid-gas-solid three-phase flow numerical calculation and sediment wear prediction of the bucket were carried out based on CFD technology for the whole flow field of Pelton turbine of Jiniu Hydropower Station,and the internal flow characteristics and sediment wear of a runner bucket were obtained.The results show that the trailing edge at the root of the bucket,the leading face of the bucket near the root as well as the notch and the splitter are severely eroded.The wear of the splitter and the notch is greater than that of the working face of the bucket.The wear rate from the splitter to the trailing edge generally increases first and then decreases.The calculated results of bucket wear are in good agreement with the measured results,and the calculated results are only about 6%larger than the measured results,which shows that the method of sediment wear prediction is effective and feasible.This study provides a technical method and basis for sediment wear prediction of Pelton turbine and operation and maintenance of power station.

关 键 词：吉牛水电站 冲击式水轮机 水斗 液气固三相流动 泥沙磨损 

分 类 号：TV734.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]