法秩序统一性视角下“守门人”个人信息保护法律体系的完善  

Improvement of the Legal System of“Gatekeeper”Personal Information Protection under the Vision of the Unity of Legal Order

作　　者：王文华[1] 姚津笙 Wang Wenhua;Yao Jinsheng

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学法学院,北京100089 [2]北京市人民检察院,北京100005

出　　处：《河南社会科学》2023年第4期56-65,共10页Henan Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“数据治理公私合作的法律规制研究”(21BFX166)。

摘　　要：《个人信息保护法》是我国首部专门规定“守门人条款”的法律,其创新性的一个突出表现在于,相较于美国和欧盟,该法第五十八条“守门人条款”是一种由单个领域向平台治理延伸的“综合式守门人”制度。然而,该法施行仅一年有余,不仅需要厘清“守门人”的主体范围,擅自向他人提供公民个人信息、未尽到合理审查义务和过度采集、存储、使用公民个人信息等行为的边界,以及“守门人”监管义务的限度,而且亟待在法秩序统一性视角下理顺“守门人”个人信息保护的法律责任体系,为“守门人”使用个人信息提供明确指引,防范相关刑事法律风险。目前此领域的专门研究较为鲜见。未来我国须加强“守门人”监管责任的刑事激励,发挥行政和解制度的前置分流作用,从而实现对“守门人”刑法规制与保护的动态平衡。Personal Information Protection Law is the first law of our country to stipulate“gatekeeper clause”. Compared with the United States and European Union,the“gatekeeper clause”in article 58 of the law is a “comprehensive gatekeeper” system which extends from a single field to platform governance. The implementation of this law has only been just over a year,it is not only necessary to clarify the main scope of the“gatekeeper”and the limits of the gatekeeper's supervisory obligations,but also to establish the boundaries for behaviors such as providing citizens' personal information to others without authorization,failing to fulfill reasonable review obligations,excessively collecting,storing,and using citizens' personal information. It is also urgent to clarify the legal responsibility system for personal information protection of the“gatekeeper”from the perspective of the unity of legal order and provide clear guidance for the use of personal information by the“gatekeeper”to prevent relevant criminal legal risks. At present,the research in this field is relatively rare. In the future,China must strengthen the criminal incentive of the gatekeeper's supervisory responsibility and give play to the pre-diversion function of the administrative reconciliation system,so as to realize the dynamic balance between the regulation and protection of the gatekeeper's criminal law.

关 键 词：法秩序统一性 “守门人” 互联网平台 个人信息保护 法律体系完善 

分 类 号：D9[政治法律—法学]