利用超声风速仪阵列估算近海面光学湍流强度  

Estimation of Optical Turbulence Intensity near Sea Surface Using Ultrasonic Anemometer Array

作　　者：张昊镓 孙刚 朱黎明 张汉九 马学宾 胡晓丹 张梓晗 刘颖 李学彬 Zhang Haojia;Sun Gang;Zhu Liming;Zhang Hanjiu;Ma Xuebin;Hu Xiaodan;Zhang Zihan;Liu Ying;Li Xuebin(Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Optics,Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,Anhui,China;Science Island Branch of Graduates School,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,Anhui,China;School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230031,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院安徽光学精密机械研究所大气光学重点实验室,安徽合肥230031 [2]中国科学技术大学研究生院科学岛分院,安徽合肥230026 [3]中国科学技术大学环境科学与光电技术学院,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《光学学报》2023年第6期33-40,共8页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院院长基金(29YZJJ2020QN2)。

摘　　要：在中国南部热带海域,基于超声风速仪阵列测量的大气三维风速可计算得到速度结构常数C^(2)_(n),结合折射率梯度可计算得到折射率结构常数C^(2)_(n),其中温度和湿度对C^(2)_(n)的影响是通过折射率梯度体现。将超声单点虚温估算方法的计算结果作为标定,与本研究的超声风速仪阵列估算方法的144次计算结果进行相关性分析,得到平均相关系数为0.85,最高可达0.99,最低为0.71;通过误差分析,可得平均|Δlg C^(2)_(n)|为0.3。研究表明:超声风速仪阵列能够捕捉高频光学湍流效应的变化情况,利用超声风速仪阵列估算近海面光学湍流强度可以从风速、湿度、温度等不同方面分析湍流效应,实现在无人值守情况下对光学湍流的连续、长期的全天候观测。Objective The characteristics and laws of atmospheric turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer over the ocean region are studied,which can be employed to guide the parameter setting of the adaptive optical system.Therefore,the influence of turbulence is greatly reduced,and the imaging quality and the performance of the photoelectric system are improved to meet the engineering application.In this method,the effects of temperature,humidity,and wind velocity on the calculation results are fully considered, and the physical phenomena that produce optical turbulence effects are fullycaptured. Additionally, the ultrasonic anemometer array has the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution andhigh automation degree, which greatly improves data continuity and reliability. Finally, continuous all-weathermeasurement can be carried out for a long time, and the limitation of high labor costs and sensitivity to weather conditionsis effectively compensated.Methods Based on the multi-layer ultrasonic measurement experiment in the tropical South China Sea, the ultrasonicwind velocity in three directions in the air is measured, and the velocity structure constant is obtained. In addition, therefractive index structure constant is calculated by combining the refractive index gradient affected by temperature andhumidity. Firstly, according to the fluctuation relations of atmospheric refractive index with temperature, humidity, andpressure, the relationships of refractive index structure constant with potential temperature structure constant, humiditystructure constant, and temperature-humidity correlation structure constant are obtained. At the same time, the velocitystructure constant obtained from Tatarskii theory and the relationship between the energy dissipation rate and the velocitystructure constant are discussed. Secondly, based on the relationship between atmospheric refractive index and density,the major large-scale refractive index gradients are removed to ensure consistency and maintain the basic properties

关 键 词：大气光学 光学湍流 超声风速仪 风速结构常数 折射率结构常数 

分 类 号：P183.4[天文地球—天文学]