双波段全天空云量观测系统研制及数据分析  

Development and Data Analysis of Dual-Band All-Sky Cloud Cover Observation System

作　　者：王依人 杨明[3] 刘达新[4] 夏营威 谢婉怡 王洪坤 刘勇[1] 刘东 Wang Yiren;Yang Ming;Liu Daxin;Xia Yingwei;Xie Wanyi;Wang Hongkun;Liu Yong;Liu Dong(Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,Anhui,China;University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,Anhui,China;Anhui Branch of East China Air Traffic Administration of Civil Aviation of China,Hefei 230001,Anhui,China;Meteorological Observation Centre,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China;Anhui University,Hefei 230039,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院安徽光学精密机械研究所,安徽合肥230031 [2]中国科学技术大学,安徽合肥230026 [3]中国民用航空华东地区空中交通管理局安徽分局,安徽合肥230001 [4]中国气象局气象探测中心,北京100081 [5]安徽大学,安徽合肥230039

出　　处：《光学学报》2023年第6期199-209,共11页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC3090203);安徽省重点研究与开发计划(202104b11020028)。

摘　　要：为实现全天时、全天空云量观测,提出并研制了一种双波段全天空云量观测系统。该系统在可见光波段通过内置遮光装置和高动态范围(HDR)图像合成技术,可采集清晰完整的全天空图像,同时,其在红外波段的一次成像可获取160°视场范围天空图像,较传统扫描拼接式红外观测模式更加简单快捷。主要阐述了该系统在不同波段的全天空成像原理以及云图分割方法。从双波段云量观测数据的一致性和准确性两方面进行分析,验证了该系统在云量观测上具有较高的准确性。Significance Cloud plays a crucial role in the Earth's radiation balance and the water cycle,and its formation and evolution are very closely related to weather change.The results of continuous observation and analysis of cloud parameter data can be used in the fields of solar energy production forecasting and meteorological research for aviation and shipping.Cloud cover is one of the main macroscopic parameters of cloud and one of the important elements of ground-based meteorological observations.Thus,the study of its observation methods and approaches has important application value and wide application prospects.Cloud observation can be divided into air-based observation,space-based observation,and ground-based observation according to the different observation platforms.Among them,ground-based cloud observation has a wide range of fields,low observation cost,and other characteristics,which attracts extensive attention.In the early days,ground-based observation mainly relies on manual observation,which is subjective and has poor continuity.With the continuous development of hardware sensor technology,digital image processing technology,computer technology,and other technologies as well as the increase in the business needs for ground-based cloud observation automation,a series of ground-based cloud observation equipment has been developed.According to the imaging band of the observation equipment,ground-based cloud observation equipment is mainly divided into two categories for visible band(450-650 nm)and infrared band(8-14μm)observation.The observation equipment for the visible band can be used only in the daytime and is equipped with a solar baffle or a solar tracking device in most cases.As a result,the acquired sky image is partially blocked,which affects the inversion accuracy of cloud parameters.Regarding the observation equipment for the infrared band,the field of view of the sky observed by one imaging is usually small,and acquiring all-sky images needs scanning and stitching.However,scanning takes a

关 键 词：测量 全天空成像 地基云观测 红外 可见光 

分 类 号：TP732.2[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]