焊接顺序对Q345qD钢厚板焊接接头残余应力和变形的影响  

Effect of welding sequence on residual stress and deformation of welded joint of Q345qD steel thick plate

作　　者：董华 苏文学 张国 李涛[2] Dong Hua;Su Wenxue;Zhang Guo;Li Tao(First Engineering Co.Ltd.,China Construction Third Bureau,Wuhan 430048,China;Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]中建三局第一建设工程有限责任公司,武汉430048 [2]武汉理工大学,武汉430070

出　　处：《焊接》2023年第4期21-28,共8页Welding & Joining

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51908437);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2020IVB009,2019IVA024)。

摘　　要：基于ABAQUS有限元软件的热弹塑性分析方法,分析了32 mm厚Q345qD钢对焊接头在熔化极气体保护焊下的残余应力和残余变形。结合试验测试和数值模拟,研究了4种不同焊接顺序对焊接接头残余应力分布和残余变形的影响。采用ABAQUS软件中的单元生死技术模拟焊接过程,热源模型采用双椭球体积热源。结果表明,数值模拟结果与试验结果相符,改变焊接顺序对温度场影响不大,两侧焊道单次交替焊接相比两侧焊道多次交替焊接的横向残余应力整体应力较小,最大值从356 MPa降到278 MPa,降低了21.91%;而两侧焊道多次交替焊接的纵向残余应力整体应力较大,纵向残余应力最大值从303 MPa升到368 MPa,增加了21.45%。与两侧焊道单次交替焊接相比,两侧焊道多次交替焊接的厚度方向变形较小,最大值从1.67 mm降到0.04 mm,降低了97.60%。Based on the thermal elastic-plastic analysis method of ABAQUS finite element software,the residual stress and residual deformation of 32 mm thick Q345qD steel butt joint under gas metal arc welding(GMAW)are studied in this paper.Combined with experimental test and numerical simulation,the effects of four different welding sequences on the residual stress distribution and residual deformation of butt joint are studied.The element birth and death is used to simulate the filling of deposited metal,and the volume heat source with double ellipsoid distribution is used to realize the movement of welding arc.The results show that the numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results.The change of welding sequence has little effect on the temperature field;compared with that of welding the other side after welding,the overall stress level of transverse residual stress by alternating welding on both sides is smaller,and the maximum value is reduced from 356 MPa to 278 MPa,which is reduced by 21.91%;while the overall stress level of longitudinal residual stress by alternating welding on both sides is larger,and the maximum value of longitudinal residual stress is increased from 303 MPa to 368 MPa,which is increased by 21.45%.The deformation in the thickness direction of alternating welding on both sides is smaller,and the maximum value is reduced from 1.67 mm to 0.04 mm,which is reduced by 97.60%.

关 键 词：残余应力 残余变形 焊接顺序 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TG404[金属学及工艺—焊接]