基于生物学隐喻的建筑工程演化论  

Theory of Evolution of Architectural Engineering Based on Biological Metaphor

作　　者：张骥[1,2] 王世骐 Zhang Ji;Wang Shiqi(School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;National Center of Technology Innovation for Digital Construction,Wuhan 430074,China;Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044,China;Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学土木与水利工程学院,武汉430074 [2]国家数字建造技术创新中心,武汉430074 [3]中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,北京100044 [4]中国科学院生物演化与环境卓越创新中心,北京100044

出　　处：《工程研究（跨学科视野中的工程）》2022年第5期442-449,共8页JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING STUDIES

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41872001);中建三局应用示范研究项目(CSCEC3Z-2019-03)。

摘　　要：关于工程演化一般规律的理论本世纪刚刚诞生。本文针对建筑工程行业,以演化生物学的理论框架为纲,展开类比研究。首先分析生物演化的底层逻辑,随之引出物种与环境的关系,最后上升到种系发生。运用隐喻方法将此图式结构影射到建筑工程演化论,并列举古今中外建筑工程及其技术要素、非技术要素的典型例子,借用生物学骨架建立起新的理论模型。结果表明生物演化与建筑工程演化在整体上具有一定的相似性,由此可得到有实际价值的建筑工程演化模型,而且生物学中还有更多理论成果和统计方法有挖掘利用的潜力,二者之间的差异性有待进一步探讨。建筑史学可助力构建全面的工程系统演化论。本领域的研究同时面向建筑工程的过去、现在与未来。The theory of the general law of engineering evolution was established in the 21st century.In this study,the construction engineering industry is studied by analogy based on the theoretical framework of evolutionary biology.First,the underlying logic of biological evolution is analyzed,followed by the relationship between species and environment,and finally phylogeny.This schema is mapped onto the evolutionary theory of architectural engineering by using the metaphorical method.Moreover,typical examples of architectural engineering and its technical and non-technical elements at home and abroad in modern and ancient times are listed.A new theoretical model is established by using the biological framework.The results show that there are certain similarities between biological and architectural engineering evolutions,from which we can get a valuable model for the evolution of architectural engineering.Further,there are more theoretical achievements and statistical methods in biology that have the potential to be utilized.The differences between the two need to be explored further.Architectural history can help to build a comprehensive theory of evolution of engineering systems.The research in this field is oriented toward the past,present,and future of construction engineering.

关 键 词：工程哲学 工程演化 建筑工程 演化生物学 类比 

分 类 号：B01[哲学宗教—哲学理论] TU-05[建筑科学—建筑理论]