Atypical functions of xenobiotic receptors in lipid and glucose metabolism  

作　　者：Jingyuan Wang Peipei Lu Wen Xie 

机构地区：[1]Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,University of Pittsburgh,Pittsburgh,PA,USA [2]Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,University of Pittsburgh,Pittsburgh,PA 15261,USA [3]Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology,University of Pittsburgh,Pittsburgh,PA 15261,USA

出　　处：《Medical Review》2022年第6期611-624,共14页医学评论（英文）

基　　金：supported in part by National Institutes of Health grants DK083952,HD073070,DK099232,ES023438,,ES030429(to W.X.);WX is also supported in part by the Joseph Endowed Professorship from the University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy.

摘　　要：Xenobiotic receptors are traditionally defined as xenobiotic chemical-sensing receptors,the activation of which transcriptionally regulates the expression of enzymes and transporters involved in the metabolism and disposition of xenobiotics.Emerging evidence suggests that“xenobiotic receptors”also have diverse endobiotic functions,including their effects on lipid metabolism and energy metabolism.Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease,diabetes,obesity,metabolic syndrome,stroke,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).Understanding the molecular mechanism by which transcriptional factors,including the xenobiotic receptors,regulate lipid homeostasis will help to develop preventive and therapeutic approaches.This review describes recent advances in our understanding the atypical roles of three xenobiotic receptors:aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AhR),pregnane X receptor(PXR),and constitutive androstane receptor(CAR),in metabolic disorders,with a particular focus on their effects on lipid and glucose metabolism.Collectively,the literatures suggest the potential values of AhR,PXR and CAR as therapeutic targets for the treatment of NAFLD,NASH,obesity and diabetes,and cardiovascular diseases.

关 键 词：aryl hydrocarbon receptor constitutive androstane receptor lipid metabolism pregnane X receptor xenobiotic receptors 

分 类 号：R589[医药卫生—内分泌]