关于《玄应音义》的音系性质和特点  

The Phonological System of Xuanying’s Yiqiejingyinyi and Its Characteristics

作　　者：太田斋 OTA Itsuku

机构地区：[1]神户市外国语大学,日本神户市651-2187

出　　处：《辞书研究》2023年第3期1-31,I0001,共32页Lexicographical Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中、日、韩汉语音义文献集成与汉语音义学研究”(项目编号19ZDA318)。

摘　　要：进行历史文献的音韵研究时,即使该文献中含有从前人小学书等文献中引用的注音,但一般都把它们看作是与作者所反映的语音系统一致的成分而接受,且仍可保证音韵特征的全面同质性。但反切这种标音方法对于不熟悉音韵学的人而言并不容易创造。因此亦有可能并没有经过深刻检讨,而从前人文献不改字面地直接引用其中的反切,最终做出语音性质上并不同质的著作,《玄应音义》就是其一例。编写早期佛经音义时未有所能依靠的前人佛教语言学书籍,因此只好利用现有的各种小学书以及其他各种文献里的注释、注音。玄应直接从反映江东音的原本《玉篇》中引用了大量反切,最终使他的《音义》虽然也含有反映他自己母语的西北方言(秦音)特点,但整体音系特征比《切韵》更接近于《玉篇》。The phonological data found in historical documents such as rhyme dictionaries are usually analyzed as homogeneous data,even if they include data quoted from previous documents on the basis that the authors will mention those phonological features because they fit with their intuition.However,as a phonetic transcription,fanqie is not that easy to master for unskilled authors,so that some may just keep an outdated fanqie without further inquiry instead of creating a new one that is adapted to their phonological intuition,which may eventually result in phonetically heterogeneous documents.This is precisely the case with Xuanying’s Yiqiejingyinyi.Since early Chinese Buddhist philologists could not rely on any original written tradition,they quoted various comments from annotated Chinese classics,including fanqie reflecting dialectal pronunciation.Xuanying thus uncritically quoted a large number of fanqie taken from Yupian based on the Jiangdong dialect,showing phonological features closer to Yupian than to Qieyun.Together with fanqie,it reflects the features of his own North-east dialect(Qin yin).

关 键 词：反切 原本《玉篇》 江东音 《切韵》 《韵集》 

分 类 号：H113[语言文字—汉语]