不同保干促活处理对栾树和石榴移栽苗生长的影响  

Effects of different treatments with promoting survival by keeping the seedlings trunks on the growth of Koelreuteria paniculata and Punica granatum transplanted seedlings

作　　者：李喜梅[1] 陈瞳晖 樊淑淼 洪利亚 李宗圈 张党权 李明婉 LI Xi-mei;CHEN Tong-hui;FAN Shu-miao;HONG Li-ya;LI Zong-quan;ZHANG Dang-quan;LI Ming-wan(College of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;College of Agronomy,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Gongyi Pomegranate Research Association,Gongyi 451251,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学林学院,郑州450046 [2]河南农业大学农学院,郑州450046 [3]巩义石榴研究会,河南巩义451251

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2023年第4期103-108,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目(20B360002);国家级大学生创新创业训练项目(202010466044;202210466054)。

摘　　要：为加强造林质量管理,提高移栽苗的成活率和生长量,以中国常见绿化树种栾树(Koelreuteria paniculata)和经济林石榴(Punica granatum)为试验对象,采用一系列保干促活措施探索移栽后迟发苗木的挽救策略。在制定苗干发芽成活分级标准的基础上,对各处理组苗木栽后不同时期的发芽成活率、苗干成活指数、生长量、含水率及根系质量进行了调查。结果表明,处理L3和S3发芽成活率和苗干成活指数比对照组(L1和S1)分别提高了19.30、52.01个百分点和11.90、13.50个百分点,缓苗期也比L1和S1分别缩短了60和75 d。年生长量方面,L3和S3试验后平均株高和地(米)径均高于其他处理,比试验前分别增长了45.33%、57.84%和38.14%、81.82%。L3和S3的保水措施可同时有效提高苗干含水率,促进根系成活和新生根的萌发。该移栽苗保干促活挽救措施,为提升大面积生态林和经济林造林成活率及质量提供了技术参考。In order to enhance the quality control of afforestation and improve the survival rate and growth of transplanted seedlings,common afforestation and economic trees in China,Koelreuteria paniculata and Punica granatum were taken as materials.A series of measures with promoting survival by keeping the seedlings trunks were adopted to explore the rescue strategy of delayed seedlings after transplanting by setting different treatment groups.Based on the formulation of the classification of seedling trunk germination viabili⁃ty,the germination survival rate,trunk survival index,growth,water content and root quality of each treatment were investigated in different periods.The results showed that,compared with the control treatment(L1 and S1),the germination survival rate and trunk survival index of L3 and S3 were increased by 19.30,52.01 percent point and 11.90,13.50 percent point,respectively.The rejuvena⁃tion period was 60 and 75 days shorter than that of L1 and S1.In terms of annual growth,the average plant height and ground diameter of L3 and S3 were higher than those of other treatments,increasing by 45.33%,57.84%and 38.14%,81.82%,respectively.The wa⁃ter retention measures of L3 and S3 could effectively increase the moisture content of seedling trunks and promote the survival of roots and the germination of new roots.The proposed measures provided technical references for improving the survival rate and quality of ecological forests and economic forests.

关 键 词：保干促活 栾树(Koelreuteria paniculata) 石榴(Punica granatum) 移栽苗 

分 类 号：S723.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种]