20%二甲戊灵·吡嘧磺隆WP对水稻移栽田杂草的防治效果及作用机理  

Control Effects and Function Mechanism of 20%Pendimethalin·Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl WP on Weeds in Transplanted Rice Field

作　　者：王自杰 杨晓贺[1] 邱磊[1] 张茂明[1] 姚亮亮[1] 高雪冬[1] 黄成亮[1] 丁俊杰[1] WANG Zijie;YANG Xiaohe;QIU Lei;ZHANG Maoming;YAO Liangliang;GAO Xuedong;HUANG Chengliang;DING Junjie(Jiamusi Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiamusi Crop Pest Science Observation and Experiment Station of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Main Crop Breeding and Cultivation in Sanjiang Plain,Jiamusi 154007,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院/农业农村部佳木斯作物有害生物科学观测实验站/三江平原主要作物育种栽培重点实验室,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2023年第5期39-44,共6页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑土地保护与利用科技创新工程专项(XDA28100000);黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2021C091);黑龙江省应用研究与开发计划(GA20B104);黑龙江省重点研发计划指导类项目(GZ20210132);黑龙江省重点研发计划(GA22B014)。

摘　　要：为探究20%二甲戊灵·吡嘧磺隆WP对稻田杂草的防治效果及对水稻的安全性,在水稻移栽35 d后,茎叶喷雾20%二甲戊灵·吡嘧磺隆WP 165,195,225和390 g·hm^(-2),以330 g·L-1二甲戊灵EC 990 g·hm^(-2)和10%吡嘧磺隆WP 22.5 g·hm^(-2)为对照药剂,并设人工除草对照和清水对照。药后3和7 d通过目测观察法对水稻进行安全性评价,药后15 d调查株防效,30 d调查株防效和鲜重防效,收获期测量水稻产量。结果表明,药后15 d,除人工除草处理外(94.74%),处理4(20%二甲戊灵·吡嘧磺隆WP 390 g·hm^(-2))总株防效最高,为80.83%,其次为处理3(20%二甲戊灵·吡嘧磺隆WP 225 g·hm^(-2)),总株防效为78.19%;药后30 d,处理4总株防效和总鲜重防效最高,分别为96.72%和95.66%,其次为处理3,分别为95.31%和94.18%。处理4增产效果最佳,增产率为21.54%,其次为处理3,增产20.31%。生产中,在水稻移栽35 d后,选用20%二甲戊灵·吡嘧磺隆WP 225~390 g·hm^(-2)茎叶喷雾处理,可有效防治水稻移栽田稗草、雨久花、泽泻、慈菇和三棱草,且对水稻生产安全,水稻可增产20%以上。In order to explore the efficacy and safety of 20% pendimethalin·pyrazosulfuron-ethyl WP on Echinochloa crusgalli,Monochoria korsakowii(L.)Beauv,Alisma orientale(Sam.)Juzep,and Carex phacota in the rice field,the experiment was designed as follows:20% pendimethalin·pyrazosulfuron-ethyl WP of 165,195,225 and 390 g·ha^(-1),330 g·L^(-1) pendimethalin EC of 990 g·ha-1,and 10%pyrazosulfuron-ethyl WP of 22.5 g·ha^(-1) were sprayed on the rice stems and leaves 35 d after transplantation.Water spraying and manual weeding were set as control.Safety evaluations were committed by visual observation 3 days and 7 days after herbicide spraying.Each individual-plant control efficiency of the five kinds of weed above and the total plant control efficiency were studied 15 days after herbicide spraying.Each individual-plant control efficiency,each fresh-weight control efficiency,the total plant control efficiency and the total fresh-weight control efficiency were researched 30 days after herbicide spraying.The highest total plant control efficiency existed in treatment 4(20% pendimethalin·pyrazosulfuron-ethyl WP of 390 g·ha^(-1)),80.83%,followed by treatment 3(20%pendimethalin·pyrazosulfuron-ethyl WP of 225 g·ha^(-1)),78.19%,except for manual weeding 15 days after herbicide spraying.30 days after herbicide spraying,the highest total plant control efficiency and total plant control efficiency emerged from treatment 4,96.72%and 95.66%,followed by treatment 3,95.31% and 94.18%.Treatment 4 made the highest yield increase of 21.54%,followed by treatment 3,20.31%.35 days after transplantation,spraying 20% pendimethalin·pyrazosulfuron-ethyl WP on the stems and leaves is capable of preventing and controlling the occurrence of the 5 kinds of weeds above in the rice transplantation field with a positive safety evaluation.The yield would increase by over 20%.

关 键 词：水稻 化学药剂 杂草 防治效果 

分 类 号：S451.21[农业科学—植物保护]