什么是劳动价值论?——从经验常识出发  

Exploring Marx's Labor Theory of Value from the Experience of Common Sense

作　　者：张光明[1] Zhang Guangming

机构地区：[1]北京大学国际关系学院,北京100871

出　　处：《当代世界社会主义问题》2023年第1期34-50,165,共18页Issues of Contemporary World Socialism

摘　　要：在如何理解劳动价值论的问题上有许多曲解。劳动价值论不是人们常误以为的没有实证依据的“形而上学假设”,而是从经验常识中提取出来的抽象理论总结。它不是用作伦理主义批判的工具,而是揭示从普通商品生产到资本主义商品生产的客观规律性的科学手段。把经济社会形态的发展看作自然史的过程,这是马克思的社会主义学说优于其他各种社会主义学说的根本之处。随着历史的发展,这一理论确实遇到了新的问题,需要做出令人信服的回答。它最终将会消亡,但它始终具有科学方法上的重大价值。There are many misunderstandings on how to understand Marx's labor theory of value.This theory is not a“metaphysical hypothesis”without empirical evidence,which is what many people often mistakenly believe,but the abstract theoretical summary extracted from the experience of common sense.The theory is not intended as an ethical critique of capitalism,but a scientific method to reveal the objective laws from simple commodity production to capitalist commodity production.Viewing the evolution of the economic formation of society as a process of natural history is the fundamental reason why Marx's socialist theory is superior to other socialist theories.With the development of history,this theory has indeed encountered new problems that require convincing solutions.It should eventually die out,but it always has significant value in scientific methods.

关 键 词：劳动价值论 经验常识 伦理社会主义 主观价值论和客观价值论 

分 类 号：F014.2[经济管理—政治经济学]