空间站冷原子柜超高真空腔内射频天线的研制  

Development of Radio⁃frequency Antenna Inside Ultra⁃High⁃Vacuum Chamber for Cold Atom Physics Rack of Space Station

作　　者：谢昱 高源慈[3] 周蜀渝[4] 方苏 李唐[1] 梁昂昂 李文文 黄名山 王文丽[1] 汪斌[1] 刘亮[1] Xie Yu;Gao Yuanci;Zhou Shuyu;Fang Su;Li Tang;Liang Ang’ang;Li Wenwen;Huang Mingshan;Wang Wenli;Wang Bin;Liu Liang(Aerospace Laser Engineering Department,Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Electronic Science and Engineering,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,Sichuan,China;Key Laboratory for Quantum Optics,Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所航天激光工程部,上海201800 [2]中国科学院大学材料科学与光电子技术学院,北京100049 [3]电子科技大学电子科学与工程学院,四川成都611731 [4]中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所量子光学重点实验室,上海201800

出　　处：《中国激光》2023年第5期169-175,共7页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11674338,U1730126)。

摘　　要：射频蒸发冷却作为获取超冷原子简并量子气体的手段之一,对玻色-费米协同冷却的实现至关重要。为了在空间站上实现超冷量子简并气体,设计了一种特殊的射频天线。该天线被置于一个冷原子实验用真空腔内,与腔上集成的冷却、探测、光阱、磁阱、光晶格、Feshbach磁场等装置一同组成了通用型超冷原子物理实验系统,该实验系统满足载人航天工程在尺寸、重量、功耗、可靠性和电磁兼容性等方面的严格要求。利用有限元仿真方法对天线进行设计和评估,并在地面实验平台上对其各项性能指标进行测试和实验验证。结果表明,本设计除了能够降低90%的射频功率需求外,还能维持科学腔的超高真空水平,并具备良好的电磁兼容性,符合载人航天工程的要求。Objective As one of the means to acquire degenerate quantum gases of ultracold atoms,radio frequency evaporative cooling is crucial for the realization of BoseFermi sympathetic cooling.To obtain ultracold quantum degenerate gases on a space station,we design a unique radiofrequency(RF)antenna built in a vacuum chamber.The universal ultracold atomic physics experimental system,which consists of cooling,detection,an optical trap,a magnetic trap,an optical lattice,a Feshbach magnetic field,an RF antenna and other devices integrated in the chamber,meets the stringent requirements of manned aerospace engineering in terms of size,weight,power consumption,reliability,and electromagnetic compatibility.In this study,we use finite element simulations to design and evaluate the antenna and experimentally verify its various performance indicators on a groundbased experimental platform.In addition to reducing the RF power requirement by 90%,this design can maintain an ultrahigh vacuum degree and perform well in terms of electromagnetic compatibility,meeting the requirements of manned aerospace engineering.Methods This paper presents a standard engineering design flow of RF antenna system.First,a circular arc antenna prototype is set up to evaluate the design specifications.The prototype design is then modified to a singleturn multisegment circular arc structure to match the actual cooling beams.The welldesigned model is imported into the finite element analysis software,HFSS,to obtain the simulation results of the antenna’s Sparameters and the emitted RF field in the region of the cold atom cloud under different excitation conditions.After the antenna is assembled into the system,the electronic parameters of the antenna are measured by a vector network analyzer and compared with the simulation data to verify the reliability of the simulation results.Next,the influence of the antenna on the background vacuum of the scientific chamber is evaluated according to an atomic lifetime measurement experiment in the optical dipole tr

关 键 词：量子光学 玻色爱因斯坦凝聚体 射频诱导蒸发冷却 微波 ZEEMAN效应 

分 类 号：O514.1[理学—低温物理]