道地产区植参土壤质量等级与品质等级的相关性分析  

Correlation analysis between soil quality grade and quality grade of cultivated Panax ginseng in genuine producing areas

作　　者：杨莉[1] 王琪[1] 刘芳君[2] 刘宇航 勾颖 杨利民[1] YANG Li;WANG Qi;LIU Fang-jun;LIU Yu-hang;GOU Ying;YANG Li-min(Jilin Agricultural University,Co-construction State Key Laboratory Base of Ecological Restoration and Ecosystem Management,Changchun Jilin 130118;Changchun Academy of Agricultural Science,Changchun Jilin 130118)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学,省部共建生态恢复与生态系统管理国家重点实验室培育基地,吉林长春130118 [2]长春市农业科学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2023年第2期87-95,共9页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1710700);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20190304022YY,20200402104NC);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201910193037)。

摘　　要：分别以人参产量、品质(人参皂苷Rb1、Re、Rg1含量)和参地土壤质量(18项土壤理化性质)为指标,结合产量定级法、聚类分析法、主成分分析法对50个人参样地进行等级研究,探索栽培人参的土壤等级划分方法,为道地产区宜植参土壤的规划发展奠定基础。结果显示:基于产量、品质指标,研究区内土壤分级结果符合正态分布,高产、优质等级较少,以Ⅲ~Ⅴ、Ⅱ~Ⅳ等地为主。基于土壤质量指标,研究区内土壤质量指数值介于0.20~0.59之间,以Ⅲ~Ⅳ等地为主,土壤中有效磷、速效钾、有效镁、脲酶、过氧化氢酶5个指标的权重系数较高,是影响植参土壤质量的关键指标。相关分析显示,以土壤理化性质划分的土壤等级与以人参产量、品质划分的土壤等级间具有较强的正相关关系(r=0.58、0.44)。综合表明,以土壤质量划分的土壤等级具有一定代表性,基于主成分分析法构建的土壤质量评价方法在产地宜植参土壤选择与规划、土壤养护与改良、施肥管理等方面具有生产指导意义。The valuation and grading of soil quality discrepancy was studied with samples from cultivated ginseng land to lay a foundation for land use planning and development in genuine producing areas.The yield of ginseng,content of ginsenoside(Rb1,Re,Rg1)and soil quality index consisted of 18 physical and chemical properties were used as analysis indicators respectively in three different evaluation methods including yield classification method,cluster analysis method and principal component analysis method.The comprehensive comparison of 50 sample plots was carried out with these evaluation results.It was found that based on the indexes of yield and ginsenoside content,the soil class was distributed in a normal fashion,Ⅲ~IV andⅡ~IV level were the main grade respectively.Based on soil quality index,the soil quality index fall in between 0.20 and 0.59,Ⅲ~IV level were the main grade.The weight coefficients of available phosphorus,available potassium,available magnesium,urease and catalase were relatively high,which meant they were the key factors affecting the soil quality of planting ginseng.Results of correlation analysis indicated that there was positive correlation between grading based on soil quality and grading based on yield and ginsenoside content(r=0.58,0.44).The soil grades divided by soil quality are representative on certain degree.The soil quality evaluation method based on principal component analysis could support selecting and planning suitable soil,soil conservation and improvement,fertilization management and so on.

关 键 词：土壤等级 聚类分析 主成分分析 土壤肥力 生态种植 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学] S567.51[农业科学—农业基础科学]