基于诊断施肥综合法的烟台红富士苹果叶片营养诊断研究  

Leaf nutritional diagnosis of Yantai Red Fuji apple based on diagnosis and recommendation integrated system

作　　者：吴天昊 何书朋 韩熙睿 杨守军[1] 俞红 王承国[1] WU Tian-hao;HE Shu-peng;HAN Xi-rui;YANG Shou-jun;YU Hong;WANG Cheng-guo(Yantai Institute of China Agricultural University,Yantai Shandong 264670)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学烟台研究院,山东烟台264670

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2023年第2期178-185,共8页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家级大学生创新训练计划项目(202110019088);中国农业大学URP项目(U2021052)。

摘　　要：为解决烟台红富士苹果园施肥方法不合理造成果树营养不平衡及果实产量增长慢、品质不均一的问题,推进果园合理平衡施肥,对苹果叶片进行营养诊断。基于诊断施肥综合法(DRIS)分析叶片N、P、K三元素的含量,通过DRIS图解法和DRIS指数法得出各元素的需肥顺序和营养不平衡指数(NII)。结果表明,烟台红富士苹果高产园需肥顺序为N>K>P,NII平均值为21.93;低产园需肥顺序为K>P>N,NII平均值为57.28。低产园存在严重的叶片营养不平衡问题。DRIS临界含量分级标准显示,N、P、K三元素平衡范围分别是23.39~26.81、2.13~2.37、8.43~12.26 g·kg-1。果园需肥顺序和DRIS临界含量分级标准可作为烟台红富士苹果平衡施肥的依据。The nutrition of Yantai Red Fuji apple leaves was diagonsed in response to the unreasonable fertilization method of apple ochards in Yantai which caused the nutritional imbalance of trees and the slow growth of fruit and the uneven quality of apples,and thus promoting the balance fertilization of apple ochards.Based on DRIS(diagnosis and recommendation integrated system),the N,P and K of leaves are used for nutritional analysis.Through DRIS graphic method and index method,the required fertilizer order of each nutrient element in apple leaves and NII(nutrient imbalance index)are obtained.The results show that the urgency of fertilizer requirement for the high-yield orchards is N>K>P and the average NII is 21.93;the urgency of fertilizer requirement for the low-yield orchards was K>P>N and the average NII is 57.28.The nutrition of low yield orchards is seriously unbalanced.The DRIS critical classification standard shows that the equilibrium concentration of the three elements are respectively within the ranges of 23.39~26.81,2.13~2.37,8.43~12.26 g·kg-1.The urgency ranking of fertilizer requirements and the DRIS critical classification standard can be used as the basis for balanced fertilization of Yantai Red Fuji apple.

关 键 词：DRIS 叶片 营养诊断 红富士苹果 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]