添加美拉德反应底物对黑木耳菌糠腐解期间腐殖质组成的影响  

Effect of Maillard reaction substrate added on humus composition of Auricularia auricula chaff during its decomposition

作　　者：王楠 白成鑫 张琪 邱小成 赵艺浓 王帅 WANG Nan;BAI Cheng-xin;ZHANG Qi;QIU Xiao-cheng;ZHAO Yi-nong;WANG Shuai(College of Agriculture,Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University,Jilin Jilin 132101)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业科技学院农学院,吉林吉林132101

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2023年第2期220-225,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：吉林省教育厅科学研究规划项目(JJKH20210408KJ)。

摘　　要：针对黑木耳菌糠木质素含量高、独立腐解难的问题,通过添加美拉德(Maillard)反应底物来提高此类菌糠的腐解效果,为其科学堆肥提供技术参考。采用室内培养法,以黑木耳菌糠为基础材料,通过邻苯二酚、葡萄糖和甘氨酸3种Maillard反应底物的添加,以不添加任何反应底物为对照,结合黑木耳菌糠培养过程中腐解物料腐殖质组成的变化,探索各底物在黑木耳菌糠腐殖化作用中的贡献。结果表明:(1)随培养进行,各处理条件下黑木耳菌糠总有机碳(TOC)均表现为逐渐降低的趋势,其中添加葡萄糖更有利于TOC的损失,Maillard反应底物的添加使45 d培养内的矿化作用更为明显。各处理均有利于黑木耳菌糠水溶性物质碳含量(CWSS)的增加,其中邻苯二酚对CWSS的提升幅度最大,其次为葡萄糖;(2)各处理均有利于黑木耳菌糠可提取腐殖酸的积累,在促进黑木耳菌糠胡敏酸分子结构复杂程度方面更有优势;(3)添加Maillard反应底物可促进黑木耳菌糠富里酸向胡敏酸的转化,其中甘氨酸的作用最为明显,此外,甘氨酸还能有效促进惰性腐殖质组分胡敏素的分解。综上所述,添加甘氨酸更有利于黑木耳菌糠的高效腐解,矿化惰性腐殖质组分的同时有利于腐殖质品质的提升。In view of the high content of lignin in Auricularia auricula chaff and the difficulty of independent decomposition,the Maillard reaction substrates were added to improve its decomposing effect,which could provide a technical reference for its scientific composting.The indoor culture method was adopted to explore the contribution of each Maillard reaction substrate in the humification of Auricularia auricula chaff.In the process,Auricularia auricula chaff served as the basic material,three Maillard reaction substrates such as catechol,glucose and glycine were added,with no reaction substrate added as a control,combined with the changes in the humus composition of Auricularia auricula chaff during the culture process.The result showed that:(1)with the culture,the total organic carbon(TOC)of Auricularia auricula chaff from all the treatments showed a gradual decrease trend,among which the addition of glucose was more conducive to the loss of TOC,and the addition of Maillard reaction substrates made the mineralization within 45 d of culture more obvious.All the treatments were beneficial to the increase of water-soluble carbon content(CWSS)of Auricularia auricula chaff,in which the catechol had the largest increase for CWSS,followed by glucose;(2)All the treatments were helpful to the accumulation of humic-extracted acid extracted from Auricularia auricula chaff,and had more advantages over the cultivation of Maillard reaction substrates in promoting the structural complexity of humic acid;(3)Addition of Maillard reaction substrate could promote the conversion of fulvic acid to humic acid in the Auricularia auricula chaff,among which the glycine had the most obvious effect.In addition,the glycine could also promote the decomposition of the inert humus component humin effectively.In summary,the glycine was more advantageous for the high-efficiency decomposition of Auricularia auricula chaff,mineralized the inert humus component and was also conducive to the improvement of humus quality.

关 键 词：黑木耳 菌糠 腐解 Maillard反应底物 腐殖质组成 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]