考虑焊接影响的轮辋扩口成形缺陷研究  

Study of rim flaring forming defects caused by welding

作　　者：刘文选 石光林[1] 邹业炜 陈嘉键 姚雪颖 彭金 LIU Wenxuan;SHI Guanglin;ZOU Yewei;CHEN Jiajian;YAO Xueying;PENG Jin(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Liuzhou 545616,China;Liuzhou Titan Yuxiang Engineering Steel Ring Co.,Ltd.,Liuzhou 545610,China)

机构地区：[1]广西科技大学机械与汽车工程学院,广西柳州545616 [2]柳州市泰坦宇翔工程钢圈有限公司,广西柳州545610

出　　处：《广西科技大学学报》2023年第2期23-29,共7页Journal of Guangxi University of Science and Technology

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2020GXNSFBA297073)资助。

摘　　要：针对轮辋生产过程中的焊缝开裂现象,基于Mises屈服准则和组合高斯体热源焊接模型提出了一种工艺链式数值模拟方法,进而研究考虑焊接影响下的轮辋焊缝开裂成因及改进措施。首先,运用Simufact软件模拟从轮辋焊接到扩口成形的耦合过程,分析扩口过程中焊缝区域与母材之间的应力状态和变化规律;其次,从微观角度对断口组织结构和形貌特点做进一步分析。结果表明:焊缝区域的应力集中、模具工件间的摩擦、焊缝区域魏氏铁素体和粗大的晶粒以及过大的环向切应力是造成轮辋焊缝开裂的可能原因。因此,提高焊缝接头质量,采取合适的去应力手段,加强模具和工件间的润滑,可有效降低轮辋焊缝开裂倾向。A process chain numerical simulation method based on Mises yield criterion and combined Gaussian heat source welding model was put forward to study the causes of post-weld flaring cracking of rims.And the improvement measures were proposed.Firstly,Simufact software was used to simulate the coupling process from rim welding to flaring,and the state of stress between weld zone and base metal and its variation rule were analyzed during flaring.Then,the microstructure and morphology of the fracture were analyzed.The results show that the stress concentration in the weld area,the friction between the die and workpiece,the Weissenite ferrite and coarse grain in the weld area and the excessive circumferential shear stress are the possible causes of the cracking of the rim weld.Therefore,the cracking tendency of rim welds can be reduced effectively by improving the quality of weld joints,adopting appropriate stress relief means,and strengthening the lubrication between the die and workpiece.

关 键 词：轮辋 焊缝开裂 工艺链仿真 Simufact软件 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG306[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]