婚姻转移支付是礼物还是负担?--基于子女婚姻对父母消费及满意度的分析  

Is Martial Property Transfer A Gift or A Burden?——An Analysis of the Children's Marriage Effects on Parents'Consumption and Satisfaction

作　　者：钟若愚 岑育文[1,2] ZHONG Ruo-yu;CEN Yu-wen(College of Economics,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518000;Institute for Population Research,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518000)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学经济学院,广东深圳518000 [2]深圳大学人口研究所,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《南方人口》2023年第2期64-80,共17页South China Population

基　　金：国家统计局全国统计科学研究项目“面向特大城市风险管理的时点人口多源大数据统计分析与协同治理机制研究”(立项编号:2021LZ37)。

摘　　要：现有研究更多关注婚姻转移支付对父母消费的挤出作用,对父母生活满意度影响的讨论还不够深入。本研究利用44579份婚约财产纠纷判决书整理的婚姻支付数据和中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,运用中介效应模型、有序Logit模型、反事实估计等方法,描述婚姻转移支付的基本事实,分析其影响父母生活满意度的礼物效应和挤出效应。主要结论有:(1)婚姻转移支付是大额代际财富转移。(2)婚姻支付的收支结构分析表明,婚嫁双方父母都是净支出方,婚姻转移支付是父母赠与新婚子女的礼物。(3)中介效应检验结果支持礼物效应。婚姻转移支付通过改善父子关系满意度从而提高父母生活满意度。婚姻转移支付是父母最大化满意度的行为选择,礼物效应有助于解释为何父母对新婚子女转移了大额财富。(4)没有发现婚姻转移支付挤出父母消费从而降低其满意度的因果证据。Existing studies pay more attention to the crowding-out effect of marital transfer payment on parents'consumption,and the discussion on the impact of marital transfer payment on parents'life satisfaction is not in-depth enough.Based on 44579 civil litigation cases of the engagement property dispute from China Judgement Online and China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS),this paper describes the stylized facts of marital transfer payment and analyzes the gift-effect and crowding-out effect of marital transfer on parents'life satisfaction by using mediating effect model,ordered logit model and counterfactual estimation methods.Results show:1.marital property transfer is a large inter-generational wealth transfer.2.the income and expenditure structure of marital payment shows that both parents of the bride and bridegroom made a transfer payment as the gift from parents to their newly married children.3.The mediating effect test results support the gift effect and the marital property transfer improves parents'life satisfaction by improving parent-child relation.The gift effect helps explain why parents transfer large amounts of wealth to their newly married children;4.There is no causal evidence that marital transfer crowd out parents'consumption and thus reduce their life satisfaction.

关 键 词：婚姻支付 生活满意度 礼物效应 挤出效应 

分 类 号：C92-05[社会学—人口学]