AMF-玉米联合对“表土层–含水层–隔水层”排土场重构模式土壤水盐分布的影响  

Effect of AMF-maize combination on water and salt distribution in soil under the dump reconstruction mode of“topsoil-aquifer-aquitard”

作　　者：毕银丽 杨伟[1,2] 柯增鸣 武超 李明超 薛超 BI Yinli;YANG Wei;KE Zengming;WU Chao;LI Mingchao;XUE Chao(Institute of Ecological Environment Restoration in Mine Areas of West China,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;College of Geology and Environment,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;State Key Laboratory for Coal Resources and Safe Mining,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学西部矿山生态环境修复研究院,陕西西安710054 [2]西安科技大学地质与环境学院,陕西西安710054 [3]中国矿业大学(北京)煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《煤田地质与勘探》2023年第4期68-75,共8页Coal Geology & Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51974326);首都科技领军人才资助项目(Z18110006318021)。

摘　　要：土壤水盐分布严重影响煤矿区排土场生态重建及植物组配模式,为探究菌根植物影响下煤矿区排土场“表土层−含水层−隔水层”三层重构模式下的土壤水盐分布特征,采用室内土柱试验,设置种植玉米+接种丛枝菌根真菌(YM+AMF)、仅种植玉米(YM)和不种玉米+不接菌(CK)3个处理。结果表明:(1)不同处理对土柱底部水分运移特征无显著影响,各处理含水层毛细水上升高度均约为10 cm;(2)水分与盐分分布随土层深度均呈正相关关系;接种AMF有利于保持表层土壤水分含量,相较于YM处理土壤含水率在0~10、10~20 cm分别提高52.0%、43.9%;接菌处理降低了10~50 cm土层的盐分含量,在20~30、30~40、40~50 cm处接菌处理的电导率较YM处理分别低了41.0%、14.1%、8.1%;(3)利用MixSIAR模型量化了不同深度土层水分对玉米的贡献率,表明YM和YM+AMF处理的主要供水层皆位于0~10 cm,供水率分别为44.3%和30.5%。同时,在累计土壤剖面水分贡献率上,接菌显著提高了中深部土层(20~70 cm)的水分贡献率,累计提升了13.8%。该研究成果对西部矿区“以水量植”的生态复垦具有重要科学指导意义。The distribution of soil water and salt severely affects the ecological reconstruction and plant configuration modes at coal mine dumps.To investigate the characteristics of soil water and salt distribution under the three-layer reconstruction mode of“topsoil-aquifer-aquitard”in coal mine dump under the influence of mycorrhizal plants,laboratory soil column test was conducted,in which the soil was treated in three ways:planting maize and inoculating with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(YM+AMF),planting maize(YM)only,and no planting of maize+no inoculation with bacteria(CK).The results showed that:(1)The different treatments have no significant effect on the water migration characteristics at the bottom of the soil column,and the rise height of capillary water in the aquifer is about 10 cm in all treatments.(2)The distribution of water and salt is positively correlated with soil depth.AMF inoculation is beneficial to maintain the water content of soil in the surface layer,which was increased by 52.0%and 43.9%respectively compared with YM treatment at 0‒10 cm and 10‒20 cm.The salt content of soil at 10‒50 cm is reduced by inoculation,and the electrical conductivity of soil at 20‒30 cm,30‒40 cm and 40‒50 cm is 41.0%,14.1%and 8.1%lower than that of YM treatment,respectively.(3)The contribution rate of soil moisture at different depths to maize was quantified with the MIXSIAR model.The results indicate that the main water supply layer is located at 0‒10 cm for YM and YM+AMF treatments,of which the water supply rate is 44.3%and 30.5%,respectively.Besides,bacterial inoculation significantly increases the water contribution rate of the middle and deep soil profile(20‒70 cm),with a cumulative increase of 13.8%.The research results have important scientific guiding significance for the ecological reclamation of“planting with water”in the western mining area.

关 键 词：土层重构 土柱试验 土壤水盐分布 丛枝菌根真菌 氢氧同位素 

分 类 号：TD167[矿业工程—矿山地质测量]