复杂水利-电力约束下梯级水电站短期多层级多目标优化调度研究  

Research on short-term multi-level and multi-objective optimal scheduling of cascadehydropower stations under complex water resources and power constraints

作　　者：闻昕[1,2] 刘凡骞 谭乔凤 王浩[3] WEN Xin;LIU Fanqian;TAN Qiaofeng;WANG Hao(Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Hohai University,Cooperative Innovation Center for Water Safety&Hydro-Science,Nanjing 210098,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学水安全与水科学协同创新中心,江苏南京210098 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《水利学报》2023年第4期392-404,共13页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52079040);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFE0105200)。

摘　　要：电网高强度的调峰调频任务和流域严格的水量调度要求,限制了梯级水电站调度运行的优化空间,造成水调电调协调困难、效益发挥不充分、机组长时间低效运行等问题。本文统筹考虑梯级水电站发电效益、调峰能力以及运行工况等目标,分别建立电网、梯级、电站等不同层级的调度模型,研究多层级多目标协同优化机制,提出模型求解方法。通过不同层级之间相互嵌套,滚动向前,在复杂水利-电力约束条件下保证梯级电站的安全高效运行。以黄河上游水电基地为例,该方法可在保障黄河流域水量调度要求和西北地区高比例风光全额消纳前提下,将梯级水电站发电量提升2.75%,耗水率降低2.38%,机组低效运行时间降低50.64%,且有效提升水电调峰能力,平滑了火电出力过程,对于梯级水电科学调度和安全运行具有科学意义和实际价值。The high-intensity peaking and frequency regulation tasks of power grids and the strict water dispatch requirements of river basins limit the optimization space of the scheduling operation of cascade hydropower plants,resulting in difficulties in coordinating water and power regulation,insufficient efficiency and long-time inefficient operation of units.In this paper,the objectives of power generation efficiency,peaking capacity and operating conditions of the unit were considered,and the scheduling models of power grids,cascades and power stations were established at different levels,and the multi-level multi-objective cooperative optimization mechanism was studied and model solution methods were proposed.By nesting different levels with each other and rolling forward,the safe and efficient operation of the cascade hydropower plants is ensured under complex water and power constraints.Taking the upper reaches of the Yellow River hydropower base as an example,the method can increase the power generation capacity of the cascade hydropower plants by 2.75%,reduce the water consumption rate by 2.38%,and reduce the inefficient operation time of the units by 50.64%under the premise of guaranteeing the water dispatch requirements of the Yellow River basin and the full consumption of a high proportion of scenery in northwest China.It has scientific significance and practical value for scientific scheduling and safe operation of cascade hydropower.

关 键 词：短期调度 多尺度嵌套 经济运行 负荷分配 黄河上游水电基地 

分 类 号：TV212[水利工程—水文学及水资源]