茄子果形性状遗传研究  

Genetic Study on Fruit Shape Traits of Eggplant

作　　者：房桂萍 成玉富[1] 徐强[1] FANG Guiping;CHENG Yufu;XU Qiang(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225000,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院,江苏扬州225000

出　　处：《蔬菜》2023年第5期11-17,共7页Vegetables

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31972395)。

摘　　要：为探究2个茄子组合品种的果形指数遗传规律,选用3种果形指数差异显著的高代自交系茄子(长筒、高圆和短筒果形)为材料,构建了2个杂交组合(组合Ⅰ:长筒×高圆,组合Ⅱ:高圆×短筒),采用六世代联合分析法研究果形指数的遗传规律。结果表明:果形指数遗传属于数量性状,2个组合果形指数遗传模型均适于E-3模型,即2对加性主基因+加性-显性多基因模型,组合Ⅰ表现出一负一正的主基因加性效应,组合Ⅱ表现出2个负向的主基因加性效应,2个组合多基因的加性效应均大于显性效应,说明以加性效应遗传为主。组合Ⅰ中B1、B2世代主基因遗传率大于多基因遗传率,以主基因遗传为主,F2世代多基因遗传率大于主基因遗传率,以多基因遗传为主,B2世代环境效率较高,为48.49%;组合Ⅱ中B1、B2分离世代的主基因遗传率大于多基因遗传率,以主基因遗传为主,F2的多基因遗传率大于主基因遗传率,以多基因遗传为主,B1和B2世代遗传受环境因素影响较大,环境效率高于40%。In order to explore the genetic law of fruit shape index of two eggplant combination cultivars,three high-generation inbred lines of eggplant(long tube,high round and short tube fruit shapes)with significant difference in fruit shape index were selected as materials to construct two hybrid combinations(combination I:long tube×high round,combination II:high round×short tube).The genetic law of fruit shape index was studied by six-generation joint analysis.The results showed that the inheritance of fruit shape index was a quantitative trait.The genetic models of fruit shape index of the two combinations were both suitable for the E-3 model,that was model of two pairs of additive major genes+additive-dominant polygene.Combination I showed a negative and a positive additive effect of major genes,and combination II showed two negative additive effects of major genes.The additive effects of polygenes in the two combinations were both greater than the dominant effects,indicating that the inheritance was dominated by additive effects.In combination I,the major gene heritability of B1 and B2 generations were greater than that of polygene heritability,and the major gene heritability was dominant.The polygene heritability of F2 generation was greater than that of the major gene heritability,and the polygene heritability was dominant.The environmental heritability of B2 generation was higher,which was 48.49%.In combinationⅡ,The major gene heritability of B1 and B2 segregating generations was greater than the polygene heritability,and the major gene heritability was dominant.The polygene heritability of F2 was greater than the major gene heritability,and the polygene heritability was dominant.The inheritance of B1 and B2 generations were greatly influenced by environmental factors,with environmental heritability of higher than 40%.

关 键 词：茄子 遗传 果形 主基因 多基因 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]