声激励下圆柱壳敷设多孔吸声材料声辐射特性及计算方法  

Characteristics and calculation method of sound radiation of cylindrical shell with porous sound-absorbing material under acoustic excitation

作　　者：杨欣眉 陈美霞[1] 赵应龙[2,3] 董文凯 YANG Xinmei;CHEN Meixia;ZHAO Yinglong;DONG Wenkai(School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Institute of Noise and Vibration,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China;National Key Laboratory on Ship Vibration and Noise,Wuhan 430033,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学船舶与海洋工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]海军工程大学振动与噪声研究所,湖北武汉430033 [3]船舶振动噪声重点实验室,湖北武汉430033

出　　处：《中国舰船研究》2023年第2期97-106,共10页Chinese Journal of Ship Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52071152,51779098);基础加强计划重点基础研究资助项目(2020-JCJQ-ZD-222)。

摘　　要：[目的]旨在研究声激励下内壁上敷设有多孔纤维吸声材料的环肋单层圆柱壳振动声辐射特性和计算方法。[方法]在Johnson-Champoux-Allard(JCA)等效流体理论模型和多层介质传递矩阵的基础上,推导多层吸声结构吸声系数的理论公式,验证对比用于计算声激励下敷设多孔吸声材料的环肋单层圆柱壳振动声辐射的3种方法(即多孔介质声学实体建模、有限元模型结合理论公式和设置吸声系数阻抗边界)。最后,研究吸声材料厚度、空气背衬层、材料静态流阻和排布顺序对该单层圆柱壳结构吸声效果的影响。[结果]敷设多孔吸声材料可降低圆柱壳结构振动声辐射。基于敷设了多孔吸声材料圆柱壳的吸声系数曲线的分析结果,可以快速有效地预测圆柱壳振动声辐射结果趋势。[结论]通过合理设计吸声材料属性和排布顺序可以有效提高吸声结构吸声性能,从而达到减振降噪的目的。[Objective]This paper aims to study the characteristics and calculation method of the vibration and sound radiation of single ring-stiffened cylindrical shells with porous fiber composite materials installed in the inner wall under acoustic excitation.[Method]Based on the equivalent fluid theory model of Johnson-Champoux-Allard(JCA)and the transfer matrix of the multilayer medium,a theoretical formula of the sound absorption coefficient of multilayer sound absorption structures is derived.The three methods for calculating the vibration and sound radiation of a single ring-stiffened cylindrical shell with porous fiber materials under acoustic excitation,namely acoustic solid modeling of porous media,finite element model combined with theoretical formula and imposition of impedance boundary on sound absorption coefficient,are then verified and compared.Finally,the influences of sound-absorbing material's thickness,backed-air gap,static flow resistance,and material arrangement order on the acoustic absorption performance of the cylindrical shell are investigated.[Results]The results show that laying porous fiber composite materials on the cylindrical shell internally can reduce the vibration and acoustic radiation of cylindrical shell structure.The sound absorption coefficient curve can quickly and effectively predict the resulting trend of the vibration and sound radiation of the cylindrical shell.[Conclusion]The acoustic absorption performance of sound absorption structures can be effectively improved through the rational design of their properties and arrangement order of the soundabsorbing materials in order to achieve the purpose of vibration and noise reduction.

关 键 词：多孔吸声材料 多层吸声结构 吸声系数 辐射噪声 

分 类 号：U661.44[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] U668.5[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]