不同种源文冠果种实性状差异及优良单株筛选  

Differences of Xanthoceras sorbifolia traits from different provenances and selection of superior individual plants

作　　者：江明军 国靖[1,2] 赵祥树 汪贵斌 JIANG Mingjun;GUO Jing;ZHAO Xiangshu;WANG Guibing(Southern Modern Forestry Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210037,China;College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210037,China;Worth Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.,Weifang,Shandong 262100,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037 [2]南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京210037 [3]山东沃奇农业开发有限公司,山东潍坊262100

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2023年第3期265-271,共7页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：江苏省重点研发计划项目“高神经酸低芥酸文冠果选育”(2020BBA042)。

摘　　要：为探究文冠果在不同种源间的种实性状差异,筛选出产量较高的优良单株,对4个地区(新疆昌吉、内蒙古翁牛特旗、宁夏银川和河北张家口)引种至山东的121株文冠果单株的15个种实性状进行分析,并分析性状间的相关性,结合主成分分析、模糊隶属函数法及多维空间坐标向量综合评定值累加法筛选优良单株。结果表明:参试单株种源间单果鲜重、单果种子重和种仁百粒重的变异系数(CV)较大,分别为28.53%、22.41%和21.34%;种仁含油率的CV较小,为7.75%。各种源单株种实性状中,宁夏银川单株种子产量表现显著,其余种源不显著;4个种源其余性状均有显著或极显著差异。单株种子产量和单果鲜重随种子纵径、种子横径的增大而增加;种子百粒重和种仁百粒重随单果鲜重、果实纵径的增大而增加;种子出仁率随种皮厚度的增大而降低;种仁含油率随单果种子数的增加而升高。15个种实性状构成4个主成分,分别为产量因子、种子出仁率、产油因子和果实出种率,4个主成分代表了15个种实性状信息总量的81.409%。利用主成分分析选择高产高油型优株,新疆昌吉的32、35号(CJ-32、CJ-35),内蒙古翁牛特旗的455号(WQ-455),宁夏银川的464号(YC-464)以及河北张家口的314、319号(ZJK-314、ZJK-319)排名前十;结合3种方法选择复合型优株,结果均比较接近。This study aimed to explore the difference of traits among provenances and select individual plants with good traits,including high yield.The variation of 15 seed traits of 121 individual plants of Xanthoceras sorbifolia introduced from four regions(Changji of Xinjiang,Wengniute Banner of Inner Mongolia,Yinchuan of Ningxia,and Zhangjiakou of Hebei)to Weifang of Shandong were collated,and the correlation between the traits was analyzed.Principal component analysis,the fuzzy membership function method,and multi-dimensional coordinate vector comprehensive evaluation value accumulation methods were used to select excellent individual plants.The results showed that single fruit fresh weight,single fruit seed weight,and 100-kernel weight varied significantly among provenances,where the coefficients of variation(CV)were 28.53%,22.41%,and 21.34%,respectively.Additionally,the CV of the kernel oil content was 7.75%.Specifically,the seed yield per plant in Yinchuan,Ningxia was significant,but that in the other provenances was not significant.Furthermore,significant or extremely significant differences existed in other characters among the four sources.Notably,the seed yield per plant and fresh fruit weight per plant increased as the seed longitudinal and transverse diameter increased.The 100-seed weight and 100-kernel weight increased as the single fruit fresh weight and fruit longitudinal diameter increased.Seed yield decreased as the seed coat thickness increased.Kernel oil content increased as the number of single fruit seed increased.Moreover,the 15 seed traits constituted 4 principal components:the yield factor,the yield rate,the oil production factor,and the seed rate.The four principal components represented 81.409%of the total information of the 15 traits investigated in this study.Subsequently,high-yield and high-oil type strains were selected using the results of principal component analysis.Changji 32 and 35(CJ-32,CJ-35)in Xinjiang,Wengniute Banner 455(WQ-455)in Inner Mongolia,Yinchuan 464(YC-464)in Ningxia and Z

关 键 词：文冠果 种实性状 差异情况 主成分分析 优良单株 

分 类 号：S722.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]