城市绿化树种对臭氧升高抗性响应的生理特征  

Resistance response of physiological characteristics of typical urban greening tree species to elevated ozone

作　　者：李品 王泽锦 冉堃 LI Pin;WANG Zejin;RAN Kun(College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2023年第3期272-279,共8页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：中央高校科技创新计划项目“城市森林植物功能性状网络对大气污染城乡梯度效应的响应”(2021ZY07);国家自然科学基金项目“臭氧污染与氮沉降下杨树人工林细根和菌根真菌权衡策略对土壤碳稳定性的影响机制”(32271673)。

摘　　要：大气臭氧(O_(3))污染成为继PM_(2.5)后困扰我国生态环境质量的新难题。科学评价O_(3)污染对城市绿化树种的抗性响应差异对筛选抗O_(3)的城市绿化树种具有重要意义。本研究采用开顶式熏气室设置两个O_(3)浓度处理(对照和增加80 nmol·mol^(-1 )O_(3)),研究17种城市绿化树种抗性响应差异的决定因素。结果表明:珍珠梅、木槿、白蜡、暴马丁香、栾树、榆树、杨树、金银木和榉树等9种树种对O_(3)敏感(敏感组);合欢、卫矛、冬青、水蜡、金叶女贞、西府海棠、珍珠绣线菊和天目琼花等8种树种对O_(3)抗性较高(抗性组)。抗性组树种的平均比叶重、叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度和海绵组织厚度均显著大于敏感组。抗性组树种的净光合速率、气孔导度、水分利用效率、PSII有效光化学量子产量、实际光化学量子效率、光化学猝灭系数和电子传递速率均显著小于敏感组树种。还原性抗坏血酸、多酚含量和总抗氧化能力在敏感组和抗性组树种间未表现出显著差异。研究表明,珍珠梅、木槿和白蜡可作为城市O_(3)污染的指示树种。抗性组树种适合种植于O_(3)污染地区,其具有比叶重大、叶片厚、固有光合生理代谢低和气孔导度小等特征,可为高O_(3)污染地区的树种绿化提供参考。Ground-level ozone(O_(3))pollution is becoming a new environmental puzzle after PM_(2.5)pollution,which directly affects the growth and development of urban greening trees and ecosystem service function.Scientific evaluation of the difference in sensitivity and resistance response of O_(3)pollution to urban green tree species and selection of O_(3)resistant urban green tree species has important application value.This study analyzed the O_(3)sensitivity of 17 typical urban greening tree species and the different mechanism of O_(3)response among tree species.The open top chambers were set at two O_(3)treatments(control,charcoal-filtered air,and elevated O_(3),non-filtered air+80 nmol·mol^(-1)of O_(3))to explore the determinant factors affecting the difference of O_(3)sensitivity responses of 17 urban greening tree species.The results showed that according to the sensitivity rank from high to low,nine tree species(Sorbaria sorbifolia,Hibiscus syriacus,Fraxinus chinensis,Syringa reticulata,Koelreuteria paniculata,Ulmus pumila,Populus lasiocarpa,Lonicera maackii,and Zelkova schneideriana)were sensitive to O_(3).Eight tree species were resistant to O_(3):Albizia julibrissin,Euonymus fortune,Ilex chinensis,Ligustrum obtusifolium,Ligustrum×vicaryi,Malus micromalus,Spiraea thunbergii,and Viburnum opulus.The mean value of leaf mass per area,leaf thickness,palisade tissue and spongy tissue of the resistant group were significantly higher than those of the sensitive group.The traits of net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,water use efficiency,actual photochemical efficiency of PSII under saturated light levels,effective quantum yield of PSII,photochemical quenching efficiency of PSII,and apparent electron transport rate of the resistant group were significantly lower than those of the sensitive group.There was no significant difference in reduced ascorbic acid,phenols,and total antioxidant capacity between the sensitive group and the resistant one.Sorbaria sorbifolia,Hibiscus syriacus,and Fraxinus chinensis could

关 键 词：城市绿化树种 臭氧 敏感性 抗性 植物功能性状 

分 类 号：S792.26[农业科学—林木遗传育种]